Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00849)
Name
Bifunctional AAC/APH (AAC/APH) ,Campylobacter jejuni
Synonyms
aph(2'')
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Molecule Type
Protein
Gene Name
aac(6')
Sequence
MEIVQDKIRIRTLTNDDFPLMLKWLTDDRVLEFYGGRDKKYTLESLKEHYTEKWEDEVFR
VIIEYDNVPIGYGQVYKMYDELYSDYHYPKTNEIVYGMDQFIGEPEYWSKGIGSKYTKMI
FEFLKKERNANAVILDPHKNNPRAIRSYQKSGFRIIEDLPEHELHEGKKEDCYLMEYRYD
DNVTNVKAMKYLIEHYFEDFKVESIKVIGSGYDSVAYLVNGEYIFKTKFSANKKKGYEKE
KAIYDFLNQRLNTNIKIPNVKYSYFSDNISILGYKEIKGTFLTPEIYFALSKEKQELLKQ
DIAMFLRQMHDLDYSEISLYTIDNKQNVLEEYQLLKDTIYDSLTDIEKQYVEDFMQRLHS
TTIFDGKKCLCHNDFSCNHLLLDDENRLCGVIDFGDSGIIDEYCDFIYLLEDSEEEIGVS
FGEDILRLYGNIDISKAKEYQDVVEQYYPIETIVYGIKNNRPDFIEKGRKEIYIRTRKDE
KLRK
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Function
Involved in resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, and kanamycin. Tobramycin and kanamycin resistance is due to the ACC activity, specified by N-terminal region. The C-terminal region is a kinase that phosphorylates several 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides.
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Uniprot ID
A0A075C639_CAMJU
        Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage
Kingdom: N.A.
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Epsilonproteobacteria
Order: Campylobacterales
Family: Campylobacteraceae
Genus: Campylobacter
Species: Campylobacter jejuni
Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule
  DISM: Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug
Approved Drug(s)
5 drug(s) in total
Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drugs
Dibekacin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Dibekacin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Dibekacin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Respiratory trac infection [1]
Resistant Disease Respiratory trac infection [ICD-11: CA45.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Dibekacin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Infective endocarditis [1]
Resistant Disease Infective endocarditis [ICD-11: BB40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Dibekacin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Sepsis [1]
Resistant Disease Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Dibekacin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Dibekacin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Gentamicin A
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Gentamicin A
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Gentamicin A
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Respiratory trac infection [1]
Resistant Disease Respiratory trac infection [ICD-11: CA45.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Gentamicin A
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Infective endocarditis [1]
Resistant Disease Infective endocarditis [ICD-11: BB40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Gentamicin A
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Sepsis [1]
Resistant Disease Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Gentamicin A
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Gentamicin A
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Kanamycin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Kanamycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Kanamycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Respiratory trac infection [1]
Resistant Disease Respiratory trac infection [ICD-11: CA45.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Kanamycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Infective endocarditis [1]
Resistant Disease Infective endocarditis [ICD-11: BB40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Kanamycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Sepsis [1]
Resistant Disease Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Kanamycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Kanamycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Sisomicin
Click to Show/Hide
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Sisomicin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Sisomicin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Respiratory trac infection [1]
Resistant Disease Respiratory trac infection [ICD-11: CA45.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Sisomicin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Infective endocarditis [1]
Resistant Disease Infective endocarditis [ICD-11: BB40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Sisomicin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Sepsis [1]
Resistant Disease Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Sisomicin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Sisomicin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Tobramycin
Click to Show/Hide
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Tobramycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Tobramycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Respiratory trac infection [1]
Resistant Disease Respiratory trac infection [ICD-11: CA45.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Tobramycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Infective endocarditis [1]
Resistant Disease Infective endocarditis [ICD-11: BB40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Tobramycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Sepsis [1]
Resistant Disease Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40.0]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Tobramycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
Disease Class: Gram-negative pathogens infection [1]
Resistant Disease Gram-negative pathogens infection [ICD-11: 1B74-1G40]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Tobramycin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) 469008
Escherichia coli JM83 562
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 SDS-PAGE assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description Aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases are the major aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in clinical isolates of enterococci and staphylococci.APH(2")-If. This enzyme confers resistance to the 4,6-disubstituted aminoglycosides kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, gentamicin, and sisomicin, but not to arbekacin, amikacin, isepamicin, or netilmicin.
References
Ref 1 Novel aminoglycoside 2''-phosphotransferase identified in a gram-negative pathogen. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Jan;57(1):452-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02049-12. Epub 2012 Nov 5.

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