Drug Information

Drug (ID: DG00496) and It's Reported Resistant Information

Name	Pristinamycin I
Drug Resistance Disease(s)	Disease(s) with Clinically Reported Resistance for This Drug (1 diseases) Bacillus infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y] [1]

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug

ADTT: Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases

ICD-01: Infectious/parasitic diseases

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Bacillus infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y]

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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target (ADTT)		Click to Show/Hide
Key Molecule: 23S ribosomal RNA methyltransferase Erm34 (ERM34)			[1]
Resistant Disease	Bacillus clausii infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y.1]		Disease Info
Molecule Alteration	Methylation	Ribosomal methylation	Molecule Info
Experimental Note	Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model	Bacillus clausii ATCC 21536		79880
Experiment for Molecule Alteration	Cloning experiments and gene seqencing assay
Experiment for Drug Resistance	Agar dilution assay
Mechanism Description	This pattern of resistance generally due to the presence of an erm gene encoding a ribosomal methylase.

COVID-19 [ICD-11: 1D92]

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Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target (ADTT)		Click to Show/Hide
Key Molecule: Interleukin-1alpha (IL1A)			[2]
Sensitive Disease	Corona Virus Disease 2019 [ICD-11: 1D92.0]		Disease Info
Molecule Alteration	Expression	Up-regulation	Molecule Info
Experimental Note	Identified from the Human Clinical Data
Mechanism Description	Anakinra, a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, might help to neutralise the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related hyperinflammatory state, which is considered to be one cause of acute respiratory distress among patients with COVID-19.
Key Molecule: Interleukin-1 beta (IL1B)			[2]
Sensitive Disease	Corona Virus Disease 2019 [ICD-11: 1D92.0]		Disease Info
Molecule Alteration	Expression	Up-regulation	Molecule Info
Experimental Note	Identified from the Human Clinical Data
Mechanism Description	Anakinra, a recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, might help to neutralise the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related hyperinflammatory state, which is considered to be one cause of acute respiratory distress among patients with COVID-19.

References

Ref 1	Characterization of a new erm-related macrolide resistance gene present in probiotic strains of Bacillus clausii. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2004 Jan;70(1):280-4. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.1.280-284.2004.
Ref 2	Anakinra for severe forms of COVID-19: a cohort study Lancet Rheumatol. 2020 Jul;2(7):e393-e400. doi: 10.1016/S2665-9913(20)30164-8. Epub 2020 May 29.