Drug Information

Drug (ID: DG00321) and It's Reported Resistant Information

• Name: Beta-elemene
• Synonyms: Cyclohexane, 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-, (1R,2R,4S)-rel-; 33880-83-0; beta-Elemene, (-)-; (- )-bete-elemene; EINECS 251-713-0; AC1L1VID; Cyclohexane, 2,4-diisopropenyl-1-methyl-1-vinyl-, (1S,2S,4R)-; OPFTUNCRGUEPRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N; Cyclohexane, 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-, (1S-(1-alpha,2-beta,4-beta))-; (1alpha,2beta,4beta)-1-Methyl-2,4-bis(methylvinyl)-1-vinylcyclohexane; LS-56795; EN300-296339; 1-Methyl-1-vinyl-2,4-diisopropenylcyclohexane
• Indication:
  In total 1 Indication(s)
  Solid tumour/cancer [ICD-11: 2A00-2F9Z]; Phase 1; [1], [2]
• Drug Resistance Disease(s):
  Disease(s) with Resistance Information Discovered by Cell Line Test for This Drug (1 diseases)
  Esophageal cancer [ICD-11: 2B70]; [1], [2]
• Formula: C15H24
• IsoSMILES: CC(=C)C1CCC(C(C1)C(=C)C)(C)C=C
• InChI: 1S/C15H24/c1-7-15(6)9-8-13(11(2)3)10-14(15)12(4)5/h7,13-14H,1-2,4,8-10H2,3,5-6H3
• InChIKey: OPFTUNCRGUEPRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• PubChem CID: 10583
• TTD Drug ID: D04VMG

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug

  EADR: Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases

ICD-02: Benign/in-situ/malignant neoplasm

Esophageal cancer [ICD-11: 2B70]

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Key Molecule: CDKN2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) [1], [2]

• Resistant Disease: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2B70.3]
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: ECA-109 cells; Esophagus; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_6898
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qPCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: Beta-Elemene inhibits the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating long noncoding RNA-mediated inhibition of hTERT expression.

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Key Molecule: Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) [1], [2]

• Resistant Disease: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2B70.3]
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: ECA-109 cells; Esophagus; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_6898
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis; RT-qPCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: Beta-Elemene inhibits the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating long noncoding RNA-mediated inhibition of hTERT expression.

Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72]

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Key Molecule: ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) [3]

• Sensitive Disease: Gastric adenocarcinoma [ICD-11: 2B72.0]
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: AGS/DDP cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vitro Model: HGC-27/DDP cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot assay; qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Flow cytometry assay; Transwell assay
• Mechanism Description: This research revealed that beta-elemene could relieve DDP resistance and inhibit tumor growth of GC via suppressing intracellular and exosome-METTL3 expression in and from DDP-resistance GC cells

Lung cancer [ICD-11: 2C25]

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Key Molecule: H19, imprinted maternally expressed transcript (H19) [4]

• Sensitive Disease: Lung adenocarcinoma [ICD-11: 2C25.0]
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell autophagy; Inhibition; hsa04140
• In Vitro Model: HCC827/GR cells; N.A.; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_E7R9
• In Vitro Model: PC9/GR cells; N.A.; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Apoptosis assay
• Mechanism Description: Our findings elucidate that the resistance to gefitinib is intricately linked with the dysregulation of autophagy and the overexpression of lncRNA H19. The synergistic administration of beta-elemene and gefitinib markedly attenuated the proliferative capacity of resistant cells, expedited apoptotic processes, and inhibited the in vivo proliferation of lung cancer. Notably, beta-elemene profoundly diminished the expression of lncRNA H19 and curtailed autophagic activity in resistant cells, thereby bolstering their responsiveness to gefitinib.

References

• Ref 1: Beta-Elemene inhibits the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating long noncoding RNA-mediated inhibition of hTERT expression. Anticancer Drugs. 2015 Jun;26(5):531-9. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000216.
• Ref 2: Long non-coding RNAs in esophageal cancer: molecular mechanisms, functions, and potential applications. J Hematol Oncol. 2018 Sep 17;11(1):118. doi: 10.1186/s13045-018-0663-8.
• Ref 3: beta-elemene Ameliorates Cisplatin Resistance of Gastric Cancer via Regulating Exosomal METTL3-m6A-ARF6 Axis. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2025 Jun;83(2):2047-2058.
• Ref 4: beta-Elemene Reverses Gefitinib Resistance in NSCLC Cells by Inhibiting lncRNA H19-Mediated Autophagy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024 May 14;17(5):626.