Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00787)

• Name: Aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase (A3AP) ,Streptococcus faecalis
• Synonyms: APH(3')III; Kanamycin kinase; type III; Neomycin-kanamycin phosphotransferase type III
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: aphA
• Gene ID: 63968956
• Sequence:
  MAKMRISPELKKLIEKYRCVKDTEGMSPAKVYKLVGENENLYLKMTDSRYKGTTYDVERE
  KDMMLWLEGKLPVPKVLHFERHDGWSNLLMSEADGVLCSEEYEDEQSPEKIIELYAECIR
  LFHSIDISDCPYTNSLDSRLAELDYLLNNDLADVDCENWEEDTPFKDPRELYDFLKTEKP
  EEELVFSHGDLGDSNIFVKDGKVSGFIDLGRSGRADKWYDIAFCVRSIREDIGEEQYVEL
  FFDLLGIKPDWEKIKYYILLDELF
• Function: Resistance to kanamycin and structurally-related aminoglycosides, including amikacin.
• Uniprot ID: KKA3_ENTFL

Kingdom: N.A.
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Enterococcaceae
Genus: Enterococcus
Species: Enterococcus faecalis

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  DISM: Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 2 drug(s) in total

Amikacin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)

Disease Class: Streptococcus faecalis infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Streptococcus faecalis infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
• Resistant Drug: Amikacin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain JM 10; 562
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain k802; 562
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus faecnlis strain JHZ-15; 1351
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Chemical sequencing method assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Disc sensitivity tests assay
• Mechanism Description: Strain BM2182 was examined for aminoglyco- side-modifying activities. That kanamycin B was modified and tobramycin (3'-deoxykanamycin B) was not, indicates that the 3'-hydroxyl group is the site of phosphorylation. That butirosin, lividomycin A, and amikacin were phosphorylated indicates that the enzyme is APH-III.

Kanamycin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)

Disease Class: Streptococcus faecalis infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Streptococcus faecalis infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
• Resistant Drug: Kanamycin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain JM 10; 562
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain k802; 562
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus faecnlis strain JHZ-15; 1351
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Chemical sequencing method assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Disc sensitivity tests assay
• Mechanism Description: Streptococcus jaecalis strain JH2- 15 is resistant to high levels of kanamycin (MIC > 1 mg/ml) and structurally related antibiotics. This broad-resistance phenotype is due to the presence of an APH-III. The gene encoding the enzyme in JH2-15 is borne by a 72.6-kb R plasmid, pJH1, capable of self-transfer to streptococcal cells. In pathogenic bacteria, 3'-aminoglycoside phosphotransferases exist under three (types I, II, and III) isozymic forms which differ, in particular, in their substrate ranges. APH-III enzyme appears to be specific for the Gram-positive cocci, whereas 3'-phosphotransferases of types I and II are found exclusively in Gram-negative bacteria.

Investigative Drug(s) 2 drug(s) in total

Butirosina

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)

Disease Class: Streptococcus faecalis infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Streptococcus faecalis infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
• Resistant Drug: Butirosina
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain JM 10; 562
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain k802; 562
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus faecnlis strain JHZ-15; 1351
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Chemical sequencing method assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Disc sensitivity tests assay
• Mechanism Description: Strain BM2182 was examined for aminoglyco- side-modifying activities. That kanamycin B was modified and tobramycin (3'-deoxykanamycin B) was not, indicates that the 3'-hydroxyl group is the site of phosphorylation. That butirosin, lividomycin A, and amikacin were phosphorylated indicates that the enzyme is APH-III.

Lividomycin A

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)

Disease Class: Streptococcus faecalis infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Streptococcus faecalis infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
• Resistant Drug: Lividomycin A
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain JM 10; 562
• In Vitro Model: Escherichia coli strain k802; 562
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus faecnlis strain JHZ-15; 1351
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Chemical sequencing method assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Disc sensitivity tests assay
• Mechanism Description: Strain BM2182 was examined for aminoglyco- side-modifying activities. That kanamycin B was modified and tobramycin (3'-deoxykanamycin B) was not, indicates that the 3'-hydroxyl group is the site of phosphorylation. That butirosin, lividomycin A, and amikacin were phosphorylated indicates that the enzyme is APH-III.

References

• Ref 1: Nucleotide sequence of the Streptococcus faecalis plasmid gene encoding the 3'5"-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase type III. Gene. 1983 Sep;23(3):331-41. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(83)90022-7.