Drug (ID: DG00596) and It's Reported Resistant Information
Name
Phenytoin
Synonyms
Phenytoin; 5,5-DIPHENYLHYDANTOIN; 57-41-0; Diphenylhydantoin; Dilantin; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; Phenytoine; Zentropil; Epamin; Dihydantoin; Aleviatin; Dilabid; Diphantoin; Diphenylan; Lepitoin; Diphedan; Fenylepsin; Phentytoin; Sodanton; Difenin; Dihycon; Lehydan; Diphenylhydatanoin; Dantoinal; Di-Hydan; Dilantine; Dillantin; Diphenine; Diphentyn; Ditoinate; Elepsindon; Epilantin; Fenitoina; Fenytoine; Hidantilo; Hidantina; Hidantomin; Hydantoinal; Kessodanten; Phanantin; Phanatine; Phenatoine; Sodantoin; Sylantoic; Thilophenyl; Zentronal; Auranile; Dantinal; Dantoine; Difetoin; Difhydan; Dintoin; Dintoina; Diphedal; Diphenin; Enkelfel; Epifenyl; Epihydan; Fentoin; Hidantal; Hydantal; Idantoil; Idantoin; Labopal; Phentoin; Ritmenal; Saceril; Sanepil; Silantin; Solantin; Danten; Denyl; Epelin; Epinat; Epised; Eptal; Hidan; Lepsin; Ekko; Ictalis simple; Toin unicelles; Dilantin acid; Dantoinal klinos; Om-Hydantoine; Di-Phetine; Epdantoine simple; Hidantina vitoria; Gerot-epilan-D; Epilan-D; Neosidantoina; Comitoina; Hidantina senosian; Hydantol; Minetoin; Novantoina; Causoin; Convul; Di-Lan; Ekko capsules; Neos-Hidantoina; 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5,5-diphenyl-; Om hidantoina simple; TOIN; Phenhydanin; Phenytex; Phenytoinum; Sinergina; Sodanthon; Iphenylhydantoin; Phenytoin-Gerot; Difenilhidantoina; Fenytoin Dak; Didan TDC 250; Dilantin-125; Epdantoin Simple; Phenytoin AWD; Epilan D; 5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; Diphenat; Hindatal; Hydantin; Epanutin; Fenitoina [INN-Spanish]; Phenytoine [INN-French]; Phenytoinum [INN-Latin]; Difenilhidantoina [Spanish]; Diphenylhydantoine [French]; 5,5-Dwufenylohydantoina; Antisacer; Fenantoin Mn Pharma; Diphenylhydantoine; Di-Lan (VAN); PHENYTOIN SODIUM; Diphenylhydantoin (VAN); Diphentoin; DILANTIN-30; Solantoin; Solantyl; Eptoin; DPH (VAN); PHENYTEK; 5,5-Diphenylimidazolidin-2,4-dione; 5,5-Diphenyl-imidazolidine-2,4-dione; 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin (IUPAC); 5,5-Dwufenylohydantoina [Polish]; Hydantoin, 5,5-diphenyl-; CCRIS 515; CHEBI:8107; NCI-C55765; 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin); UNII-6158TKW0C5; Diphenylan sodium; AI3-52498; 5,5-diphenyl hydantoin; Dilantin (TN); Novophenytoin; MFCD00005264; MLS000069789; Citrulliamon; Phenitoin; 5,5-diphenyltetrahydro-1H-2,4-imidazoledione; Fenidantoin s; NSC8722; 6158TKW0C5; NSC-8722; Epasmir 5; NCGC00021139-03; SMR000059026; DSSTox_CID_541; Fenidantoin 's'; DSSTox_RID_75650; DSSTox_GSID_20541; Epasmir '5'; Didan-tdc-250; CAS-57-41-0; phenytoin (PHN); component of Mebroin; fenidantoin ''s''; epasmir ''5''; NSC 8722; EINECS 200-328-6; SR-01000075211; IFLab1_000214; Fenidantoin 's'; HSDB 3160; Episar (Salt/Mix); Epasmir '5'; Aladdin (Salt/Mix); Alepsin (Salt/Mix); Epsolin (Salt/Mix); Phenytoin (Lepitoin); Tacosal (Salt/Mix); Phenytoin [USAN:USP:INN:BAN:JAN]; Antisacer (Salt/Mix); Epdantoin (Salt/Mix); Epileptin (Salt/Mix); Hydantoin,5-diphenyl-; Spectrum_001105; Fenigramon (Salt/Mix); Citrullamon (Salt/Mix); Opera_ID_394; 2, 5,5-diphenyl-; CHEMBL16; Spectrum2_001281; Spectrum3_000890; Spectrum4_000984; Spectrum5_001369; Lopac-D-4007; Epitope ID:117723; D 4007; SCHEMBL3440; BIDD:PXR0090; Lopac0_000329; Lopac0_000378; Oprea1_373280; BSPBio_001437; KBioGR_001387; KBioSS_001585; MLS001074087; MLS002454401; BIDD:GT0625; DivK1c_000507; Soluble phenytoin (Salt/Mix); SPBio_001281; Phenytoin (JP17/USP/INN); GTPL2624; 2-hydroxy-5,5-diphenyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one; DTXSID8020541; KBio1_000507; KBio2_001585; KBio2_004153; KBio2_006721; KBio3_001780; WLN: T5MVMV EHJ ER& ER; 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin, >=99%; NINDS_000507; Phenytoin 1.0 mg/ml in Methanol; SM-88 COMPONENT PHENYTOIN; HMS1412J16; HMS1694O05; HMS1791H19; HMS1989H19; HMS2089E11; HMS2236J06; HMS3261K17; HMS3402H19; HMS3657O03; BCP05960; HY-B0448; Hydantoin, 5,5-diphenyl- (8CI); ZINC2510358; Tox21_110861; Tox21_202299; Tox21_300281; Tox21_500378; AC-376; BDBM50003655; BDBM50101816; s2525; STK058029; STK182871; STL454130; AKOS000416887; AKOS003245432; Tox21_110861_1; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione.; CCG-104011; CCG-221682; DB00252; LP00378; MCULE-2376673346; Phenytoin 1000 microg/mL in Methanol; 5,5-di(phenyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione; IDI1_000507; IDI1_008433; NCGC00015342-01; NCGC00015342-02; NCGC00015342-03; NCGC00015342-04; NCGC00015342-05; NCGC00015342-06; NCGC00015342-07; NCGC00015342-08; NCGC00015342-09; NCGC00015342-10; NCGC00015342-11; NCGC00015342-12; NCGC00021139-01; NCGC00021139-02; NCGC00021139-04; NCGC00021139-05; NCGC00021139-06; NCGC00021139-07; NCGC00021139-08; NCGC00021139-09; NCGC00021139-10; NCGC00021139-11; NCGC00091492-01; NCGC00091492-02; NCGC00091492-03; NCGC00091492-04; NCGC00091492-05; NCGC00093810-01; NCGC00093810-02; NCGC00254135-01; NCGC00259848-01; NCGC00261063-01; 5,5- Diphenyl- 2,4- imidazolidinedione; 5,5-Diphenyl-1H-imidazolidine-2,4-dione; D0894; EU-0100378; FT-0667653; FT-0699999; P-235; SW203757-2; EN300-16818; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione;Phenytoin; C07443; D00512; E76094; 2,4-Imidazolidinedione, 5,5-diphenyl- (9CI); 5,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazole-2,4(3H,5H)-dione; AB00374253-10; AB00374253-11; AB00374253_13; A831435; Q410400; SR-01000003141; SR-01000003141-8; SR-01000075211-2; W-105468; BRD-K55930204-001-02-7; BRD-K55930204-236-11-0; Z56786458; 4-hydroxy-5,5-diphenyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-one; F0020-1370; Phenytoin, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard; Phenytoin, United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Reference Standard; 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin solution, drug standard, 1.0 mg/mL in methanol; Phenytoin, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material; Phenytoin for system suitability, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard; Phenytoin solution, 1.0 mg/mL in methanol, ampule of 1 mL, certified reference material
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Indication
In total 1 Indication(s)
Epilepsy [ICD-11: 8A60]
Approved
[1]
Structure
Drug Resistance Disease(s)
Disease(s) with Clinically Reported Resistance for This Drug (1 diseases)
Status epilepticus [ICD-11: 8A66]
[2]
Disease(s) with Resistance Information Validated by in-vivo Model for This Drug (1 diseases)
Epilepsy [ICD-11: 8A60]
[1]
Target Sodium channel unspecific (NaC) NOUNIPROTAC [1]
Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Information and External Link(s) of This Drug
Formula
C15H12N2O2
IsoSMILES
C1=CC=C(C=C1)C2(C(=O)NC(=O)N2)C3=CC=CC=C3
InChI
1S/C15H12N2O2/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19)
InChIKey
CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID
1775
ChEBI ID
CHEBI:8107
TTD Drug ID
D0E4DW
VARIDT ID
DR00431
INTEDE ID
DR1282
DrugBank ID
DB00252
Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug
  IDUE: Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases
ICD-08: Nervous system diseases
Click to Show/Hide the Resistance Disease of This Class
Epilepsy [ICD-11: 8A60]
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Key Molecule: Multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCB1) [1]
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Resistant Disease Epilepsy [ICD-11: 8A60.0]
Experimental Note Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
Mechanism Description Comparing phenytoin brain/plasma ratio in mdr1 knockout mice with this ratio in mice with kainate-induced overexpression of Pgp indicated that Pgp can affect up to about 70% of phenytoin brain uptake. In epileptic rats, van Vliet et al reported decreased brain levels of phenytoin that were restricted to brain regions with increased expression of Pgp, which could be counteracted by inhibiting Pgp.
Status epilepticus [ICD-11: 8A66]
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Key Molecule: Multidrug resistance protein 1 (ABCB1) [2]
Molecule Alteration Expression
Up-regulation
Resistant Disease Status epilepticus [ICD-11: 8A66.0]
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
Mechanism Description Pgp is involved in the resistance to phenytoin and phenobarbital but not diazepam.
References
Ref 1 Drug Resistance in Epilepsy: Clinical Impact, Potential Mechanisms, and New Innovative Treatment Options .Pharmacol Rev. 2020 Jul;72(3):606-638. doi: 10.1124/pr.120.019539. 10.1124/pr.120.019539
Ref 2 Mechanisms of drug resistance in status epilepticus .Epilepsia. 2007;48 Suppl 8:74-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01357.x. 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01357.x

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