Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol04341)

• Name: Endoglin (ENG) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: CD_antigen=CD105
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: ENG
• Gene ID: 2022
• Sequence:
  MDRGTLPLAVALLLASCSLSPTSLAETVHCDLQPVGPERGEVTYTTSQVSKGCVAQAPNA
  ILEVHVLFLEFPTGPSQLELTLQASKQNGTWPREVLLVLSVNSSVFLHLQALGIPLHLA
  Y NSSLVTFQEPPGVNTTELPSFPKTQILEWAAERGPITSAAELNDPQSILLRLGQAQGS
  LS FCMLEASQDMGRTLEWRPRTPALVRGCHLEGVAGHKEAHILRVLPGHSAGPRTVTVK
  VEL SCAPGDLDAVLILQGPPYVSWLIDANHNMQIWTTGEYSFKIFPEKNIRGFKLPDTP
  QGLL GEARMLNASIVASFVELPLASIVSLHASSCGGRLQTSPAPIQTTPPKDTCSPELL
  MSLIQ TKCADDAMTLVLKKELVAHLKCTITGLTFWDPSCEAEDRGDKFVLRSAYSSCGM
  QVSASM ISNEAVVNILSSSSPQRKKVHCLNMDSLSFQLGLYLSPHFLQASNTIEPGQQS
  FVQVRVS PSVSEFLLQLDSCHLDLGPEGGTVELIQGRAAKGNCVSLLSPSPEGDPRFSF
  LLHFYTVP IPKTGTLSCTVALRPKTGSQDQEVHRTVFMRLNIISPDLSGCTSKGLVLPA
  VLGITFGAF LIGALLTAALWYIYSHTRSPSKREPVVAVAAPASSESSSTNHSIGSTQST
  PCSTSSMA
• Function: Vascular endothelium glycoprotein that plays an importantrole in the regulation of angiogenesis . Required for normal structure and integrity of adultvasculature . Regulates the migration of vascularendothelial cells . Required for normal extraembryonicangiogenesis and for embryonic heart development . Mayregulate endothelial cell shape changes in response to blood flow,which drive vascular remodeling and establishment of normal vascularmorphology during angiogenesis . May play a criticalrole in the binding of endothelial cells to integrins and/or other RGDreceptors . Acts as a TGF-beta coreceptor and isinvolved in the TGF-beta/BMP signaling cascade that ultimately leads tothe activation of SMAD transcription factors . Required forGDF2/BMP9 signaling through SMAD1 in endothelial cells and modulatesTGFB1 signaling through SMAD3 . {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q63961,ECO:0000269|PubMed:17540773, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21737454,ECO:0000269|PubMed:23300529, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7894484,ECO:0000269|PubMed:8370410, ECO:0000305|PubMed:1692830}.
• Uniprot ID: EGLN_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG0000010699115
• HGNC ID: HGNC:3349

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  RTDM: Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Metformin

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment (RTDM)

Disease Class: Acute myeloid leukemia [ICD-11: 2A60.0] [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Acute myeloid leukemia [ICD-11: 2A60.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Metformin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: KG-1 A cells; Blood; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0374
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qPCR; qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Cell viability and proliferation assay; Cell cycle assay; Flow cytometric assay
• Mechanism Description: We found that idarubicin slightly upregulated myeloid differentiation markers, CD11b and CD14. Treatment with cytarabine, idarubicin, venetoclax, metformin, and S63845 upregulated some cell surface markers like HLA-DR expression, and metformin upregulated CD9, CD31, and CD105 cell surface marker expression. In conclusion, we believe that metformin has the potential to be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of resistant-to-first-line-chemotherapy AML cells.Also, we believe that the results of our study will stimulate further research and the potential use of changes in the expression of cell surface markers in the development of new therapeutic strategies.

References

• Ref 1: Metformin as an Enhancer for the Treatment of Chemoresistant CD34+ Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Genes (Basel). 2024 May 20;15(5):648.