Drug Information
Drug (ID: DG00380) and It's Reported Resistant Information
Name |
Bacitracin F
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Synonyms |
Bacitracin F; 5-[[1-[[3-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-18-(3-aminopropyl)-12-benzyl-15-butan-2-yl-6-(carboxymethyl)-9-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17,20-heptaoxo-1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptazacyclopentacos-21-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-[[4-methyl-2-[[2-(2-methylbutanoyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbonyl]amino]pentanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid; 22601-63-4; UNII-W7FFC6JWF9; W7FFC6JWF9; Bacitracin F (~75per cent); B021
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Structure | |||||
Drug Resistance Disease(s) |
Disease(s) with Clinically Reported Resistance for This Drug
(1 diseases)
Bacterial infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
[1]
Disease(s) with Resistance Information Validated by in-vivo Model for This Drug
(3 diseases)
Bacillus infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y]
[2]
Escherichia coli intestinal infection [ICD-11: 1A03]
[2]
Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40]
[3]
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Click to Show/Hide the Molecular Information and External Link(s) of This Drug | |||||
Formula |
C66H98N16O17S
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IsoSMILES |
CCC(C)C1C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NCCCCC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)N1)CCCN)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C2=CSC(=N2)C(=O)C(C)CC)CC(=O)N)CC(=O)O)CC3=CN=CN3)CC4=CC=CC=C4
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InChI |
1S/C66H98N16O17S/c1-9-35(6)52(82-58(92)42(22-23-50(84)85)73-59(93)43(26-34(4)5)75-63(97)48-32-100-66(80-48)54(88)37(8)11-3)64(98)74-40-20-15-16-25-70-55(89)46(29-49(68)83)77-62(96)47(30-51(86)87)78-61(95)45(28-39-31-69-33-71-39)76-60(94)44(27-38-18-13-12-14-19-38)79-65(99)53(36(7)10-2)81-57(91)41(21-17-24-67)72-56(40)90/h12-14,18-19,31-37,40-47,52-53H,9-11,15-17,20-30,67H2,1-8H3,(H2,68,83)(H,69,71)(H,70,89)(H,72,90)(H,73,93)(H,74,98)(H,75,97)(H,76,94)(H,77,96)(H,78,95)(H,79,99)(H,81,91)(H,82,92)(H,84,85)(H,86,87)
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InChIKey |
FCLQHQCOKGKLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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PubChem CID |
Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug
ADTT: Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target
IDUE: Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases
ICD-01: Infectious/parasitic diseases
Bacterial infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms | ||||
Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target (ADTT) | ||||
Key Molecule: Undecaprenyl-diphosphatase (UPPP) | [1] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Up-regulation |
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Resistant Disease | Bacterial infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z] | |||
Experimental Note | Identified from the Human Clinical Data | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli DH10B | 316385 | ||
Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 | 1351 | |||
Enterococcus faecalis V583 | 226185 | |||
Escherichia coli MC1061 | 1211845 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Whole genome sequence assay; Allelic frequency measurement assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
Broth microdilution method assay | |||
Mechanism Description | Binding of bacitracin to UPP prevents its dephosphorylation, thereby disrupting the regeneration of UP.Depletion of the available carrier lipids leads to the inhibition of the cell wall synthesis, resulting eventually in cell death.Low-level bacitracin resistance in E. faecalis is mediated by a BacA-type UppP. |
Escherichia coli intestinal infection [ICD-11: 1A03]
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms | ||||
Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) | ||||
Key Molecule: Bacitracin transport permease protein BCRB (BCRB) | [2] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Acquired |
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Resistant Disease | Escherichia coli infection [ICD-11: 1A03.0] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli strain HB101 | 634468 | ||
Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain 1A685 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain vectors pHV143 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus ticheniformis strain FD | 1402 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
MIC assay | |||
Mechanism Description | The nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus licheniformis bacitracin-resistance locus was determined. The presence of three open reading frames, bcrA, bcrB and bcrC, was revealed. The BcrA protein shares a high degree of homology with the hydrophilic ATP-binding components of the ABC family of transport proteins. The bcrB and bcrC genes were found to encode hydrophobic proteins, which may function as membrane components of the permease. Apart from Bacillus subtilis, these genes also confer resistance upon the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. | |||
Key Molecule: Bacitracin transport ATP-binding protein BcrA (BCRA) | [2] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Acquired |
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Resistant Disease | Escherichia coli infection [ICD-11: 1A03.0] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli strain HB101 | 634468 | ||
Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain 1A685 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain vectors pHV143 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus ticheniformis strain FD | 1402 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
MIC assay | |||
Mechanism Description | The nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus licheniformis bacitracin-resistance locus was determined. The presence of three open reading frames, bcrA, bcrB and bcrC, was revealed. The BcrA protein shares a high degree of homology with the hydrophilic ATP-binding components of the ABC family of transport proteins. The bcrB and bcrC genes were found to encode hydrophobic proteins, which may function as membrane components of the permease. Apart from Bacillus subtilis, these genes also confer resistance upon the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. |
Bacillus infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y]
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms | ||||
Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) | ||||
Key Molecule: Bacitracin transport permease protein BCRB (BCRB) | [2] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Inherence |
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Resistant Disease | Bacillus licheniformis infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y.2] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli strain HB101 | 634468 | ||
Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain 1A685 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain vectors pHV143 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus ticheniformis strain FD | 1402 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
MIC assay | |||
Mechanism Description | How could the proposed export function of the Bcr permease account for the bacitracin resistance The transported molecule could be either the substance inactivating the antibiotic or the antibiotic alone. As already observed. some of the metabolites could inhibit the bactericidal activity of bacitracin at very low concentrations. However, in S. subfitis and Escherichia coli strains carrying cloned bcr genes, no substances that could suppress bacitracin activity were detected. It seems that the bacitracin is indeed the target of the Bcr ABC transporter. | |||
Key Molecule: Bacitracin transport ATP-binding protein BcrA (BCRA) | [2] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Inherence |
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Resistant Disease | Bacillus licheniformis infection [ICD-11: 1C4Y.2] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli strain HB101 | 634468 | ||
Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain 1A685 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain vectors pHV143 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus ticheniformis strain FD | 1402 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
MIC assay | |||
Mechanism Description | How could the proposed export function of the Bcr permease account for the bacitracin resistance The transported molecule could be either the substance inactivating the antibiotic or the antibiotic alone. As already observed. some of the metabolites could inhibit the bactericidal activity of bacitracin at very low concentrations. However, in S. subfitis and Escherichia coli strains carrying cloned bcr genes, no substances that could suppress bacitracin activity were detected. It seems that the bacitracin is indeed the target of the Bcr ABC transporter. |
Sepsis [ICD-11: 1G40]
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms | ||||
Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target (ADTT) | ||||
Key Molecule: Undecaprenyl-diphosphatase BcrC (BCRC) | [3] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Inherence |
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Resistant Disease | Bacillus subtilis infection [ICD-11: 1G40.1] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli C41(DE3) | 469008 | ||
Escherichia coli DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis 168 | 224308 | |||
Bacillus subtilis BFS82 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis BSmrs168 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis BSmrs173 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis BSmrs175 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis BSmrs194 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis BSmrs201 | 1423 | |||
Escherichia coli Ecmrs144 | 562 | |||
Escherichia coli Ecmrs150 | 562 | |||
Escherichia coli Ecmrs151 | 562 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
PCR amplification and DNA sequence assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
Microtiter tray assay | |||
Mechanism Description | Overexpression of the BcrCBs protein, formerly called YwoA, in Escherichia coli or in Bacillus subtilis allows these bacteria to stand higher concentrations of bacitracin. | |||
Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) | ||||
Key Molecule: Bacitracin transport permease protein BCRB (BCRB) | [2] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Acquired |
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Resistant Disease | Bacillus subtilis infection [ICD-11: 1G40.1] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli strain HB101 | 634468 | ||
Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain 1A685 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain vectors pHV143 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus ticheniformis strain FD | 1402 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
MIC assay | |||
Mechanism Description | The nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus licheniformis bacitracin-resistance locus was determined. The presence of three open reading frames, bcrA, bcrB and bcrC, was revealed. The BcrA protein shares a high degree of homology with the hydrophilic ATP-binding components of the ABC family of transport proteins. The bcrB and bcrC genes were found to encode hydrophobic proteins, which may function as membrane components of the permease. Apart from Bacillus subtilis, these genes also confer resistance upon the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. | |||
Key Molecule: Bacitracin transport ATP-binding protein BcrA (BCRA) | [2] | |||
Molecule Alteration | Expression | Acquired |
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Resistant Disease | Bacillus subtilis infection [ICD-11: 1G40.1] | |||
Experimental Note | Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model | |||
In Vitro Model | Escherichia coli strain HB101 | 634468 | ||
Escherichia coli strain DH5alpha | 668369 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain 1A685 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus subtilis strain vectors pHV143 | 1423 | |||
Bacillus ticheniformis strain FD | 1402 | |||
Experiment for Molecule Alteration |
Dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method assay | |||
Experiment for Drug Resistance |
MIC assay | |||
Mechanism Description | The nucleotide sequence of the Bacillus licheniformis bacitracin-resistance locus was determined. The presence of three open reading frames, bcrA, bcrB and bcrC, was revealed. The BcrA protein shares a high degree of homology with the hydrophilic ATP-binding components of the ABC family of transport proteins. The bcrB and bcrC genes were found to encode hydrophobic proteins, which may function as membrane components of the permease. Apart from Bacillus subtilis, these genes also confer resistance upon the Gram-negative Escherichia coli. |
References
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