Drug Information

Drug (ID: DG00054) and It's Reported Resistant Information

• Name: Gentian violet
• Synonyms: Crystal violet; gentian violet; 548-62-9; Basic violet 3; Aniline Violet; Hexamethylpararosaniline chloride; Methylrosaniline chloride; Hexamethyl Violet; Gentiaverm; Pyoktanin; Vianin; Atmonil; Viocid; Avermin; Adergon; Axuris; Badil; Bismuth Violet; Methyl Violet 10B; Basic Violet BN; methylrosanilinium chloride; Gentioletten; Gentersal; Oxycolor; Genticid; Vermicid; Oxiuran; Oxyozyl; Calcozine Violet C; Meroxyl-Wander; Meroxylan-Wander; Brilliant Violet 5B; Hecto Violet R; Calcozine Violet 6BN; Violet CP; Crystal Violet O; Paper Blue R
• Indication:
  In total 1 Indication(s)
  Bacterial infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]; Approved; [1]
• Drug Resistance Disease(s):
  Disease(s) with Clinically Reported Resistance for This Drug (1 diseases)
  Salmonellosis [ICD-11: 1A09]; [1]
• Formula: C25H30ClN3
• IsoSMILES: CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=C2C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)N(C)C.[Cl-]
• InChI: 1S/C25H30N3.ClH/c1-26(2)22-13-7-19(8-14-22)25(20-9-15-23(16-10-20)27(3)4)21-11-17-24(18-12-21)28(5)6;/h7-18H,1-6H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
• InChIKey: ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M
• PubChem CID: 11057
• ChEBI ID: CHEBI:41688
• TTD Drug ID: D04GZA
• DrugBank ID: DB00406

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug

  IDUE: Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases

ICD-01: Infectious/parasitic diseases

Salmonellosis [ICD-11: 1A09]

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE)

Key Molecule: Efflux pump membrane transporter MdsA (MDSA) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Resistant Disease: Salmonella enterica infection [ICD-11: 1A09.0]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028s; 588858
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Quantitative real-time PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: L agar plate method assay
• Mechanism Description: Overexpression or overproduction of MdsABC confers drug resistance.

Key Molecule: Efflux pump membrane transporter MdsB (MDSB) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Resistant Disease: Salmonella enterica infection [ICD-11: 1A09.0]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028s; 588858
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Quantitative real-time PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: L agar plate method assay
• Mechanism Description: Overexpression or overproduction of MdsABC confers drug resistance.

Key Molecule: Efflux pump membrane transporter MdsC (MDSC) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Resistant Disease: Salmonella enterica infection [ICD-11: 1A09.0]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC 14028s; 588858
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Quantitative real-time PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: L agar plate method assay
• Mechanism Description: Overexpression or overproduction of MdsABC confers drug resistance.

Candidosis [ICD-11: 1F23]

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE)

Key Molecule: Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs CDR1 (CDR1) [2]

• Molecule Alteration: Deletion mutation; Deleteion
• Sensitive Disease: Recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis [ICD-11: 1F23.6]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Candida albicans strain DSY448; 5476
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: PCR; Southern blotting analysis; Northern blottling analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Growth differences between the different C. albicans strains assay
• Mechanism Description: The delta cdr1 mutant was slightly more susceptible than the wild type to nocodazole, cerulenin, and crystal violet but not to amphotericin B, nikkomy- cin Z, flucytosine, or pradimicin.

References

• Ref 1: Virulence and drug resistance roles of multidrug efflux systems of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Mol Microbiol. 2006 Jan;59(1):126-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04940.x.
• Ref 2: Susceptibilities of Candida albicans multidrug transporter mutants to various antifungal agents and other metabolic inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Oct;40(10):2300-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.40.10.2300.