Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol02177)

• Name: Non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: NORAD
• Molecule Type: LncRNA
• Gene Name: NORAD
• Gene ID: 647979
• Location: chr20:36,045,618-36,051,018[-]
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000260032
• HGNC ID: HGNC:44311

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  EADR: Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Cisplatin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91.1] [1]

• Resistant Disease: Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91.1]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: miR-106a-5p/Cyclin D1 signalling pathway; Regulation; N.A.
• In Vitro Model: HT-29 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0320
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay; Clonogenic assay
• Mechanism Description: In the established cisplatin resistant cell line, NORAD was upregulated and miR-106a-5p was downregulated. Furthermore, we disclosed miR-106a-5p directly targeted 3'UTR of CCND1, which is an important cell cycle regulator and is frequently overexpressed in human cancers. Rescue experiments showed restoration of CCND1 in miR-106a-5p-overexpressing CRC cells successfully recovered cisplatin resistance. Finally, restoration of miR-106a-5p in NORAD-overexpressing CRC cells re-sensitized cisplatin resistance by targeting CCND1. Summarily, this study uncovered a NORAD-promoted cisplatin resistance through modulating the miR-106a-5p-CCND1 axis.

Investigative Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Cyperquat

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Parkinson disease [ICD-11: 8A00.0] [2]

• Resistant Disease: Parkinson disease [ICD-11: 8A00.0]
• Resistant Drug: Cyperquat
• Molecule Alteration: Down-regulation; Expression
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: SH-SY5Y cells; Abdomen; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0019
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: XTT assay; TUNEL assay; caspase 3/7 activity fluorescence measurement; Total Reactive Oxygen Species assay; Pierce LDH Cytotoxicity assay
• Mechanism Description: NORAD downregulation was found to significantly deteriorate MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.

References

• Ref 1: The acceleration of cisplatin resistance in colorectal cancer by lncRNA NORAD through regulation of miR-106a-5p/Cyclin D1 axis. J Chemother. 2024 Dec 8:1-12.
• Ref 2: Long noncoding RNA NORAD regulates MPP+-induced Parkinson's disease model cellsJ Chem Neuroanat. 2019 Nov;101:101668. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.101668. Epub 2019 Aug 14.