Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00885)

• Name: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte protein 4 (CTLA4) ,Homo sapiens
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: CTLA4
• Gene ID: 1493
• Location: chr2:203853888-203873965[+]
• Sequence:
  MACLGFQRHKAQLNLATRTWPCTLLFFLLFIPVFCKAMHVAQPAVVLASSRGIASFVCEY
  ASPGKATEVRVTVLRQADSQVTEVCAATYMMGNELTFLDDSICTGTSSGNQVNLTIQGLR
  AMDTGLYICKVELMYPPPYYLGIGNGTQIYVIDPEPCPDSDFLLWILAAVSSGLFFYSFL
  LTAVSLSKMLKKRSPLTTGVYVKMPPTEPECEKQFQPYFIPIN
• Function: Inhibitory receptor acting as a major negative regulator of T-cell responses. The affinity of CTLA4 for its natural B7 family ligands, CD80 and CD86, is considerably stronger than the affinity of their cognate stimulatory coreceptor CD28.
• Uniprot ID: CTLA4_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000163599
• HGNC ID: HGNC:2505

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Cisplatin

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Epithelial ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Epithelial ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2B5D.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: CD80/CTLA-4 signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa04514
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Activation; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: SkOV3 cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0532
• In Vitro Model: OVCAR3 cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0465
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: T-cell apoptosis assay
• Mechanism Description: High expression levels of miR-424(322) were positively correlated with the PFS of ovarian cancer patients. miR-424(322) overexpression reduced PD-L1 and CD80 expression through direct binding to the 3'-UTR of these genes. Furthermore, low miR-424(322) and high PD-L1 expression were significantly correlated and strongly associated with chemoresistant phenotypes in ovarian cancer cells and tissues. Restoration of miR-424(322) expression (+) the sensitivity of cancer cells to drug treatment and was accompanied by T-cell activation by blocking the PD-L1 immune checkpoint in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our current findings indicate that miR-424(322) regulates PD-L1 and CD80 expression. Therefore, miR-424(322) might serve as a therapeutic target to enhance the chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer cells through checkpoint blockage, which thereby promotes the T-cell response in attacking tumour cells.

References

• Ref 1: miR-424(322) reverses chemoresistance via T-cell immune response activation by blocking the PD-L1 immune checkpoint. Nat Commun. 2016 May 5;7:11406. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11406.