Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00814)
Name
Bcr/CflA family efflux transporter (BCML) ,Klebsiella pneumoniae
Molecule Type
Protein
Gene Name
cmlA4
Sequence
MRSKNFSWRYSLAATVLLLSPFDLLASLGMDMYLPAVPFMPNALGTTASTVQLTLATYLV
MIGAGQLLFGPLSDRLGRRPVLLGGGLAYVVASMGLAFTSLAEVFLGLRILQACGASACL
VSTFATVRDIYAGREESNVIYGILGSMLAMVPAVGPLLGALVDMWLGWRAIFAFLGLGMI
AASAAAWRFWPETRVQRVTGLQWSQLLLPVKCLNFWLYTLCYAAGMGSFFVFFFIAPGLI
MGRQGVSQLGFSLLFATVAIAMVFTARFMGRVIPKWGSPSVLRMGMGCLIAGAVLLAITE
IWASQSVLGFIAPMWLVGIGVATAVSVAPNGALQGFDHVAGTVTAVYFCLGGVLLGSIGT
LIISLLPRNTAWPVVVYCLTLATVVLGLSCVSRAKGSRGQGEHDVVALQSAESTSNPNR
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Uniprot ID
Q9KJY5_KLEPN
        Click to Show/Hide the Complete Species Lineage
Kingdom: N.A.
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Klebsiella
Species: Klebsiella pneumoniae
Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule
  IDUE: Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug
Approved Drug(s)
11 drug(s) in total
Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Drugs
Amoxicillin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Amoxicillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Amoxicillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Amoxicillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Benzylpenicillin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Benzylpenicillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Benzylpenicillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Benzylpenicillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Cefalotin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefalotin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefalotin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Cefalotin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Cefepime
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefepime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefepime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Cefepime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Cefotaxime
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefotaxime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefotaxime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Cefotaxime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Cefoxitin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cefoxitin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Cefoxitin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Ceftazidime
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Ceftazidime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Ceftazidime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Ceftazidime
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Cephaloridine
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cephaloridine
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Cephaloridine
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Cephaloridine
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Chloramphenicol
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Chloramphenicol
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Like CMLA1, this novel protein (CMLA4) likely conferred resistance to chloramphenicol by a nonenzymatic mechanism. Among the 207 bp upstream of cmlA4, only four nucleotide changes were identified, compared to the sequence found upstream of cmlA1 (data not shown). Downstream from cmlA4, an inverse core site (GCCCAAC) was part of a composite 59-be of 70 bp. This 59-be was almost 100% identical to the downstream region of cmlA1, except for one nucleotide change (T to C in cmlA4) at the last position (position 4,997).
Piperacillin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Piperacillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Piperacillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Piperacillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Ticarcillin
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Ticarcillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Klebsiella pneumoniae ORI-1 strain harbored a ca. 140-kb nontransferable plasmid, pTk1, that conferred an extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance profile antagonized by the addition of clavulanic acid, tazobactam, or imipenem. The gene for GES-1 (Guiana extended-spectrum beta-lactamase) was cloned, and its protein was expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B, where this pI-5. 8 beta-lactamase of a ca. 31-kDa molecular mass conferred resistance to oxyimino cephalosporins (mostly to ceftazidime). GES-1 is weakly related to the other plasmid-located Ambler class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Resistant Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Resistant Drug Ticarcillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Acquired
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Beta-Lactam MICs for k. pneumoniae ORI-1 and Escherichia coli DH10B harboring either the natural plasmid pTk1 or the recombinant plasmid pC1 were somewhat similar and might indicate the presence of an ESBL. In all cases, the ceftazidime MICs were higher than those of cefotaxime and aztreonam. Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Irregularity in Drug Uptake and Drug Efflux (IDUE) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [1]
Sensitive Disease Klebsiella pneumoniae infection [ICD-11: CA40.1]
 Disease Info 
Sensitive Drug Ticarcillin
 Drug Info 
Molecule Alteration Expression
Antagonism
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli DH10B 316385
Escherichia coli strain NCTC 50192 562
Klebsiella pneumoniae strain ORI-1 573
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration		 PCR and hybridization experiments assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance		 Agar dilution technique assay
Mechanism Description Inhibition studies, as measured by IC50 values with benzylpenicillin as the substrate, showed that GES-1 was inhibited by clavulanic acid (5 uM) and tazobactam (2.5 uM) and strongly inhibited by imipenem (0.1 uM). Beta-Lactam MICs were always lowered by the addition of clavulanic acid or tazobactam, less so by sulbactam, and uncommonly by imipenem.
References
Ref 1 Biochemical sequence analyses of GES-1, a novel class A extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, and the class 1 integron In52 from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Mar;44(3):622-32. doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.3.622-632.2000.
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