Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol02097)

• Name: 2-Nitroimidazole nitrohydrolase (NNHA) ,Escherichia coli
• Synonyms: NNHA
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: NNHA

Kingdom: N.A.
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: 91347
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Escherichia
Species: Escherichia coli

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  DISM: Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Metronidazole

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)

Disease Class: Escherichia coli infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Escherichia coli infection [ICD-11: 1A03.0]
• Resistant Drug: Metronidazole
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: THP1 cells; Pleural effusion; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0006
• Mechanism Description: The oxygen-insensitive major and minor (nsfA and nfsB, respectively) flavoprotein nitroreductases of E. coli, were shown to reduce nitrofurans and later, metronidazole. These nitroreductases share a similar structure to the nim genes described below. Mutants of both nfsA/nfsB in E. coli show reduced susceptibility to metronidazole. A 2-nitroimidazole nitrohydrolase (NnhA) was also shown to render E. coli resistant to 2-nitroimidazoles.

References

• Ref 1: Metronidazole: an update on metabolism, structure-cytotoxicity and resistance mechanisms .J Antimicrob Chemother. 2018 Feb 1;73(2):265-279. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkx351. 10.1093/jac/dkx351