Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol01294)

• Name: Pvt1 oncogene (PVT1) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: PVT1
• Molecule Type: LncRNA
• Gene Name: ESCCAL-1, LINC00981, linc-JPH1
• Gene ID: 5820
• Location: chr8:127794526-128187101[+]
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000249859
• HGNC ID: HGNC:9709

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  EADR: Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein

  RTDM: Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 7 drug(s) in total

Carboplatin

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Carboplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: 3AO cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: LncRNA PVT1 boost the expression of p53 and TIMP 1 to enhance ovarian cancer cells chemosensitivity for carboplatin and docetaxel.

Cisplatin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Gastric cancer [2]

• Resistant Disease: Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72.1]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell invasion; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: BGC-823 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_3360
• In Vitro Model: AGS cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0139
• In Vitro Model: SGC-7921 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: The long noncoding RNA PVT1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR186 in gastric cancer.

Disease Class: Colorectal cancer [3]

• Resistant Disease: Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91.1]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell viability; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: HT29 Cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_A8EZ
• In Vitro Model: SW480 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0546
• In Vitro Model: HCT116 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0291
• In Vitro Model: LOVO cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0399
• In Vitro Model: RkO cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0504
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; TUNEL assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: PVT1 involved in cisplatin resistance of CRC cells via upregulation of drug resistance-associated molecules, including multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), by blocking the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [4]

• Resistant Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: A2780/DDP cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_D619
• In Vitro Model: SkOV-3/DDP cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_UI88
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: PVT1 was overexpressed in tumor tissues of cisplatin-resistant patients comparing to cisplatin-sensitive patients. PVT1 knockdown significantly lowered cell viability and increased the percentage of apoptotic tumor cells in SkOV-3/DDP and A2780/DDP cells transfected with siPVT1 and treated with cisplatin. It manifested PVT1 knockdown can reverses the cisplatin resistance in cisplatin-resistant cell lines.

Disease Class: Gastric cancer [5]

• Resistant Disease: Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72.1]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: mTOR/HIF-1alpha /P-gp/MRP1 signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa04150
• In Vitro Model: SGC7901 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0520
• In Vitro Model: BGC823 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_3360
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qPCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in gastric cancer cells promotes the development of multidrug resistance.PVT-1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues of cisplatin-resistant patients and cisplatin-resistant cells. While, PVT1 overexpression exhibit the anti-apoptotic property in BGC823 and SGC7901 cells transfected with LV-PVT1-GFP and treated with cisplatin. Moreover, qRT-PCR and western blotting revealed that PVT1 up-regulation increased the expression of MDR1, MRP, mTOR and HIF-1alpha. Overexpression of LncRNA PVT1 in gastric carcinoma promotes the development of MDR, suggesting an efficacious target for reversing MDR in gastric cancer therapy.

Disease Class: Malignant pleural mesothelioma [6]

• Resistant Disease: Malignant pleural mesothelioma [ICD-11: 2C26.0]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: MSTO-211H cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1430
• In Vitro Model: NCI-H2052 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1518
• In Vitro Model: NCI-H2452 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1553
• In Vitro Model: NCI-H28 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1555
• In Vitro Model: HCT-4012 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_IT30
• In Vitro Model: HP10 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vitro Model: HP3 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_C311
• In Vitro Model: HP5 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vitro Model: HP7 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vitro Model: HP9 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vitro Model: MET-5A cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_3749
• In Vitro Model: Meso cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_5759
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTS assay
• Mechanism Description: c-Myc and PVT1 co-amplification is frequent in MPM. C-MYC and PVT1 cooperation helps to stimulate proliferation, decrease sensitivity to platinum therapy, and reduce apoptosis. Both genes also help to regulate apoptosis-related genes, with C-MYC revealing a tendency to maintain a balance between pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes, whereas PVT1 revealed a tendency to upregulate pro-apoptotic genes and downregulate anti-apoptotic genes, thereby helping to suppress apoptosis.

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Cervical cancer [7]

• Sensitive Disease: Cervical cancer [ICD-11: 2C77.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Activation; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell invasion; Inhibition; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell migration; Inhibition; hsa04670
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: Hela cells; Cervix uteri; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0030
• In Vitro Model: Siha cells; Cervix uteri; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0032
• In Vitro Model: DoTc2 4510 cells; Cervix uteri; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1181
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Transwell assay
• Mechanism Description: PVT1 knockdown by either siRNA or LNA oligonucleotides leads to increased responsiveness of SiHa cells to cisplatin.

Docetaxel

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Docetaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: 3AO cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: LncRNA PVT1 boost the expression of p53 and TIMP 1 to enhance ovarian cancer cells chemosensitivity for carboplatin and docetaxel.

Doxorubicin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Osteosarcoma [8]

• Resistant Disease: Osteosarcoma [ICD-11: 2B51.0]
• Resistant Drug: Doxorubicin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: c-Met/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway; Activation; hsa01521
• In Vitro Model: MG63 cells; Bone marrow; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0426
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay; Flow cytometry assay; Soft agar assay
• Mechanism Description: LncRNAPVT1 targets miR-152 to enhance chemoresistance of osteosarcoma to doxorubicin through activating c-MET/PI3k/AkT pathway.

Fluorouracil

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Gastric cancer [9]

• Resistant Disease: Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72.1]
• Resistant Drug: Fluorouracil
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: SGC7901 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0520
• In Vivo Model: Nod/SCID mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: RT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: LncRNA PVT1 can inhibit apoptosis and enhance the 5-Fu resistance via Increasing Bcl2 expression in Gastric Cancer.

Disease Class: Colorectal cancer [10]

• Resistant Disease: Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91.1]
• Resistant Drug: Fluorouracil
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell viability; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: HCT116 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0291
• In Vitro Model: HCT-8 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_2478
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qPCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: The overexpression of PVT1 increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of multidrug resistance associated protein 1, P glycoprotein, serine/threonine protein kinase mTOR and apoptosis regulator Bcl2.

Disease Class: Colorectal cancer [10]

• Resistant Disease: Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91.1]
• Resistant Drug: Fluorouracil
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell viability; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: HCT116 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0291
• In Vitro Model: HCT-8 cells; Colon; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_2478
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: RT-qPCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: The overexpression of PVT1 increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of multidrug resistance associated protein 1, P glycoprotein, serine/threonine protein kinase mTOR and apoptosis regulator Bcl2.

Gemcitabine

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Osteosarcoma [8]

• Resistant Disease: Osteosarcoma [ICD-11: 2B51.0]
• Resistant Drug: Gemcitabine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: c-Met/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway; Activation; hsa01521
• In Vitro Model: MG63 cells; Bone marrow; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0426
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay; Flow cytometry assay; Soft agar assay
• Mechanism Description: LncRNAPVT1 targets miR-152 to enhance chemoresistance of osteosarcoma to gemcitabine through activating c-MET/PI3k/AkT pathway.

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Pancreatic cancer [11]

• Sensitive Disease: Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10.3]
• Sensitive Drug: Gemcitabine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Activation; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: BxPC-3 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0186
• In Vitro Model: MIA PaCa-2 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0428
• In Vitro Model: PANC-1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0480
• In Vitro Model: Capan-1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0237
• In Vitro Model: AsPC-1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0152
• In Vitro Model: SW1990 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1723
• In Vitro Model: Su.86.86 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_3881
• In Vivo Model: Engrafted tumor mouse model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: PVT1 inhibition leads to improved efficacy of gemcitabine in PC cells.

Disease Class: Pancreatic cancer [12]

• Sensitive Disease: Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10.3]
• Sensitive Drug: Gemcitabine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: BxPC-3 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0186
• In Vitro Model: MIA PaCa-2 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0428
• In Vitro Model: PANC-1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0480
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qRT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Muse Cell Cycle Assay; Muse Annexin V and Dead Cell Assay; MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Curcumin sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine by attenuating PRC2 subunit EZH2, and the LncRNA PVT1 expression.

Disease Class: Pancreatic cancer [13]

• Sensitive Disease: Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10.3]
• Sensitive Drug: Gemcitabine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: AsPC-1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0152
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Genome-wide screening identified PVT1 as a regulator for Gemcitabine sensitivity in human pancreatic cancer cells.

Paclitaxel

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment (RTDM)

Disease Class: Cervical cancer [14]

• Resistant Disease: Cervical cancer [ICD-11: 2C77.0]
• Resistant Drug: Paclitaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Epithelial mesenchymal transition signaling pathway; Inhibition; hsa01521
• In Vitro Model: Siha cells; Cervix uteri; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0032
• In Vitro Model: Caski cells; Uterus; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1100
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: qPCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Flow cytometric analysis; CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: LncRNA PVT1 epigenetically silences miR195 and modulates EMT and chemoresistance in cervical cancer cells. PVT1 could decrease miR195 expression via enhancing histone H3k27me3 in the miR195 promoter region and also via direct sponging of miR195.

Investigative Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Cardamonin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Disease Class: Gastric adenocarcinoma [15]

• Resistant Disease: Gastric adenocarcinoma [ICD-11: 2B72.0]
• Resistant Drug: Cardamonin
• Molecule Alteration: Up-regulation; Interaction
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: BGC-823 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_3360
• In Vitro Model: MGC-803 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_5334
• In Vitro Model: AGS cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0139
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Cardamonin exerts anti-gastric cancer activity via inhibiting LncRNA-PVT1-STAT3 axis.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Stomach
• The Specified Disease: Stomach adenocarcinoma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 1.09E-60; Fold-change: -2.10E-01

Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Rectum
• The Specified Disease: Rectum adenocarcinoma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 1.20E-12; Fold-change: -2.60E-01

Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Pancreas
• The Specified Disease: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 9.30E-53; Fold-change: -4.58E-01

Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Ovary
• The Specified Disease: Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.34E-16; Fold-change: 9.02E-02

Cervical cancer [ICD-11: 2C77]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Cervix uteri
• The Specified Disease: Cervical and endocervical cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.42E-01; Fold-change: -3.69E-02

References

• Ref 1: Carboplatin-docetaxel-induced activity against ovarian cancer is dependent on up-regulated lncRNA PVT1. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Apr 1;8(4):3803-10. eCollection 2015.
• Ref 2: The long noncoding RNA PVT1 functions as a competing endogenous RNA by sponging miR-186 in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Apr;88:302-308. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.049. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
• Ref 3: Silencing long noncoding RNA PVT1 inhibits tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance of colorectal cancer. Am J Transl Res. 2018 Jan 15;10(1):138-149. eCollection 2018.
• Ref 4: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in ovarian cancer cells promotes cisplatin resistance by regulating apoptotic pathways. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Nov 15;8(11):20565-72. eCollection 2015.
• Ref 5: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in gastric cancer cells promotes the development of multidrug resistance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Jul 3;462(3):227-32. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.121. Epub 2015 May 5.
• Ref 6: Frequent coamplification and cooperation between C-MYC and PVT1 oncogenes promote malignant pleural mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol. 2014 Jul;9(7):998-1007. doi: 10.1097/JTO.0000000000000202.
• Ref 7: The lncRNA PVT1 Contributes to the Cervical Cancer Phenotype and Associates with Poor Patient Prognosis. PLoS One. 2016 May 27;11(5):e0156274. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156274. eCollection 2016.
• Ref 8: lncRNAPVT1 targets miR-152 to enhance chemoresistance of osteosarcoma to gemcitabine through activating c-MET/PI3K/AKT pathway. Pathol Res Pract. 2019 Mar;215(3):555-563. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2018.12.013. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
• Ref 9: LncRNA PVT1 Mediates Antiapoptosis and 5-Fluorouracil Resistance via Increasing Bcl2 Expression in Gastric Cancer. J Oncol. 2019 May 8;2019:9325407. doi: 10.1155/2019/9325407. eCollection 2019.
• Ref 10: Knockdown of long non coding RNA PVT1 reverses multidrug resistance in colorectal cancer cells. Mol Med Rep. 2018 Jun;17(6):8309-8315. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8907. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
• Ref 11: Gemcitabine exhibits a suppressive effect on pancreatic cancer cell growth by regulating processing of PVT1 to miR1207. Mol Oncol. 2018 Dec;12(12):2147-2164. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.12393. Epub 2018 Oct 30.
• Ref 12: Curcumin sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine by attenuating PRC2 subunit EZH2, and the lncRNA PVT1 expression. Carcinogenesis. 2017 Oct 1;38(10):1036-1046. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgx065.
• Ref 13: Genome-wide screen identifies PVT1 as a regulator of Gemcitabine sensitivity in human pancreatic cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Apr 1;407(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.02.027. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
• Ref 14: LncRNA PVT1 epigenetically silences miR-195 and modulates EMT and chemoresistance in cervical cancer cells. J Drug Target. 2017 Aug;25(7):637-644. doi: 10.1080/1061186X.2017.1307379. Epub 2017 Apr 3.
• Ref 15: Cardamonin exerts anti-gastric cancer activity via inhibiting LncRNA-PVT1-STAT3 axisBiosci Rep. 2019 May 17;39(5):BSR20190357. doi: 10.1042/BSR20190357. Print 2019 May 31.