Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol01195)

Name	Acetylpolyamine amidohydrolase (APAH) ,Pasteurella multocida
Molecule Type	Protein
Gene Name	aphA1
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Kingdom: N.A. Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Gammaproteobacteria Order: Pasteurellales Family: Pasteurellaceae Genus: Pasteurella Species: Pasteurella multocida

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

DISM: Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s)

2 drug(s) in total

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Framycetin

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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)		Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Pasteurella multocida infection			[1]
Resistant Disease	Pasteurella multocida infection [ICD-11: 1B99.0]		Disease Info
Resistant Drug	Framycetin		Drug Info
Molecule Alteration	Expression	Inherence
Experimental Note	Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
In Vitro Model	Escherichia coli ATCC 25922		1322345
	Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213		1280
	Pasteurella multocida 36950		1075089
Experiment for Molecule Alteration	Whole genome sequence assay; Allelic frequency measurement assay
Experiment for Drug Resistance	Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description	The analysis of one representative P. multocida isolate identified an 82 kb integrative and conjugative element (ICE) integrated into the chromosomal DNA. This ICE, designated ICEPmu1, harboured 11 resistance genes, which confer resistance to streptomycin/spectinomycin (aadA25), streptomycin (strA and strB), gentamicin (aadB), kanamycin/neomycin (aphA1), tetracycline [tetR-tet(H)], chloramphenicol/florfenicol (floR), sulphonamides (sul2), tilmicosin/clindamycin [erm(42)] or tilmicosin/tulathromycin [msr(E)-mph(E)].

Kanamycin

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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)		Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class: Pasteurella multocida infection			[1]
Resistant Disease	Pasteurella multocida infection [ICD-11: 1B99.0]		Disease Info
Resistant Drug	Kanamycin		Drug Info
Molecule Alteration	Expression	Inherence
Experimental Note	Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
In Vitro Model	Escherichia coli ATCC 25922		1322345
	Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213		1280
	Pasteurella multocida 36950		1075089
Experiment for Molecule Alteration	Whole genome sequence assay; Allelic frequency measurement assay
Experiment for Drug Resistance	Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description	The analysis of one representative P. multocida isolate identified an 82 kb integrative and conjugative element (ICE) integrated into the chromosomal DNA. This ICE, designated ICEPmu1, harboured 11 resistance genes, which confer resistance to streptomycin/spectinomycin (aadA25), streptomycin (strA and strB), gentamicin (aadB), kanamycin/neomycin (aphA1), tetracycline [tetR-tet(H)], chloramphenicol/florfenicol (floR), sulphonamides (sul2), tilmicosin/clindamycin [erm(42)] or tilmicosin/tulathromycin [msr(E)-mph(E)].

References

Ref 1	ICEPmu1, an integrative conjugative element (ICE) of Pasteurella multocida: analysis of the regions that comprise 12 antimicrobial resistance genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Jan;67(1):84-90. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr406. Epub 2011 Oct 14.