Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00799)

• Name: Aminoglycoside N(3)-acetyltransferase IX (A3AC9) ,Micromonospora chalcea
• Synonyms: ACC(3)-IX; Aminocyclitol 3-N-acetyltransferase type IX
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: aacC9
• Sequence:
  MEEMSLLNHSGGPVTRSRIKHDLADLGLKDGDVVIFHTRMSAIGYVAGGTQTIIGALLDV
  VGARGTLMVPCGWNNAPPYDFLDWPRDWQDALRAEHPAYDPDLSEADYNNGRLPEALPRW
  PGAIRSRHPDASFAALGPAAAELMAEHPWDHPHGPDTPLARLIAHSGRVLLLGAPLDTMT
  LLHHAEALADVRSKRFVTYEQPILVNGQRVWRQFRDIDSEEGAFDYSTVRRGVEPFEAIA
  RDMLSAGIGRQGRVGAADSYLFDAGPVFNFAINWIEAKLKR
• Function: Resistance to neomycin.
• Uniprot ID: AACC9_MICCH

Kingdom: N.A.
Phylum: Actinobacteria
Class: Actinomycetia
Order: Micromonosporales
Family: Micromonosporaceae
Genus: Micromonospora
Species: Micromonospora chalcea

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  DISM: Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Framycetin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM)

Disease Class: Streptomyces fradiae infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Streptomyces fradiae infection [ICD-11: 1C43.5]
• Resistant Drug: Framycetin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: Micromonospora chalcea strain 69-683; 1874
• In Vitro Model: Streptomyces fradiae strain ATCC 10745; 1319510
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Southern-blot hybridization assay
• Mechanism Description: In the case of S. fradiae ATCC10745, a Nm producer, an O-phosphotransferase (APH) encoded by the aphA-5 gene and an N-acetyltransferase (AAC) have been identified. The aphA-5 gene is thought to be part of a biosynthetic cluster; the sac gene is not closely linked to aph; however, high-level Nm resistance in Streptomyces requires expression of both uph and sac.

Disease Class: Micromonospora chalcea infection [1]

• Resistant Disease: Micromonospora chalcea infection [ICD-11: 1A00-1C4Z]
• Resistant Drug: Framycetin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Inherence
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vitro Model: Micromonospora chalcea strain 69-683; 1874
• In Vitro Model: Streptomyces fradiae strain ATCC 10745; 1319510
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Southern-blot hybridization assay
• Mechanism Description: In the case of S. fradiae ATCC10745, a Nm producer, an O-phosphotransferase (APH) encoded by the aphA-5 gene and an N-acetyltransferase (AAC) have been identified. The aphA-5 gene is thought to be part of a biosynthetic cluster; the sac gene is not closely linked to aph; however, high-level Nm resistance in Streptomyces requires expression of both uph and sac. Nm production has been found also in the genus Mcromonospora, especially in M. chalcea 69-683, which possesses both APH and AAC activities. Little is known of Mcromonospora molecular biology, and with a view to comparing the two Nm producers and their resistance mechanisms, we have cloned, expressed and characterised the two resistance determinants from M. chalcea and from S. frudiue.

References

• Ref 1: Characterisation of aminoglycoside acetyltransferase-encoding genes of neomycin-producing Micromonospora chalcea and Streptomyces fradiae. Gene. 1991 May 15;101(1):143-8. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(91)90237-6.