Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00282)

• Name: Cyclin-G2 (CCNG2) ,Homo sapiens
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: CCNG2
• Gene ID: 901
• Location: chr4:77157207-77433388[+]
• Sequence:
  MKDLGAEHLAGHEGVQLLGLLNVYLEQEERFQPREKGLSLIEATPENDNTLCPGLRNAKV
  EDLRSLANFFGSCTETFVLAVNILDRFLALMKVKPKHLSCIGVCSFLLAARIVEEDCNIP
  STHDVIRISQCKCTASDIKRMEKIISEKLHYELEATTALNFLHLYHTIILCHTSERKEIL
  SLDKLEAQLKACNCRLIFSKAKPSVLALCLLNLEVETLKSVELLEILLLVKKHSKINDTE
  FFYWRELVSKCLAEYSSPECCKPDLKKLVWIVSRRTAQNLHNSYYSVPELPTIPEGGCFD
  ESESEDSCEDMSCGEESLSSSPPSDQECTFFFNFKVAQTLCFPS
• Function: May play a role in growth regulation and in negative regulation of cell cycle progression.
• Uniprot ID: CCNG2_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138764
• HGNC ID: HGNC:1593

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  RTDM: Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 4 drug(s) in total

Docetaxel

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment (RTDM)

Disease Class: Breast cancer [1]

• Resistant Disease: Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60.3]
• Resistant Drug: Docetaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: MCF-7 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0031
• In Vitro Model: MDA-MB-231 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0062
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: Exosomal microRNA miR1246 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and drug resistance by suppressing the expression level of CCNG2 in Breast Cancer.

Epirubicin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment (RTDM)

Disease Class: Breast cancer [1]

• Resistant Disease: Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60.3]
• Resistant Drug: Epirubicin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: MCF-7 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0031
• In Vitro Model: MDA-MB-231 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0062
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: Exosomal microRNA miR1246 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and drug resistance by suppressing the expression level of CCNG2 in Breast Cancer.

Fluorouracil

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Pancreatic cancer [2]

• Resistant Disease: Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10.3]
• Resistant Drug: Fluorouracil
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: Panc1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0480
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: The in vitro drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells was altered according to the miR-1246 expression via CCNG2. In vivo, we found that miR-1246 could increase tumour-initiating potential and induced drug resistance. A high expression level of miR-1246 was correlated with a worse prognosis and CCNG2 expression was significantly lower in those patients. miR-1246 expression was associated with chemoresistance and CSC-like properties via CCNG2, and could predict worse prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.

Gemcitabine

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Regulation by the Disease Microenvironment (RTDM)

Disease Class: Breast cancer [1]

• Resistant Disease: Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60.3]
• Resistant Drug: Gemcitabine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• In Vitro Model: MCF-7 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0031
• In Vitro Model: MDA-MB-231 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0062
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: Exosomal microRNA miR1246 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and drug resistance by suppressing the expression level of CCNG2 in Breast Cancer.

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Pancreatic cancer [2]

• Resistant Disease: Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10.3]
• Resistant Drug: Gemcitabine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: Panc1 cells; Pancreas; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0480
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: The in vitro drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells was altered according to the miR-1246 expression via CCNG2. In vivo, we found that miR-1246 could increase tumour-initiating potential and induced drug resistance. A high expression level of miR-1246 was correlated with a worse prognosis and CCNG2 expression was significantly lower in those patients. miR-1246 expression was associated with chemoresistance and CSC-like properties via CCNG2, and could predict worse prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Pancreatic cancer [ICD-11: 2C10]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Pancreas
• The Specified Disease: Pancreatic cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.38E-07; Fold-change: 1.28E+00; Z-score: 2.40E+00
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 6.02E-01; Fold-change: 1.09E-01; Z-score: 1.40E-01

Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Breast tissue
• The Specified Disease: Breast cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 1.74E-05; Fold-change: 3.54E-01; Z-score: 4.80E-01
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 5.74E-01; Fold-change: 3.47E-02; Z-score: 3.09E-02

References

• Ref 1: Exosomal MicroRNA MiR-1246 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Invasion and Drug Resistance by Targeting CCNG2 in Breast Cancer. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2017;44(5):1741-1748. doi: 10.1159/000485780. Epub 2017 Dec 6.
• Ref 2: MicroRNA-1246 expression associated with CCNG2-mediated chemoresistance and stemness in pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer. 2014 Oct 14;111(8):1572-80. doi: 10.1038/bjc.2014.454. Epub 2014 Aug 12.