Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00267)

• Name: Caspase-3 (CASP3) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: CASP-3; Apopain; Cysteine protease CPP32; CPP-32; Protein Yama; SREBP cleavage activity 1; SCA-1; CPP32
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: CASP3
• Gene ID: 836
• Location: chr4:184627696-184649509[-]
• Sequence:
  MENTENSVDSKSIKNLEPKIIHGSESMDSGISLDNSYKMDYPEMGLCIIINNKNFHKSTG
  MTSRSGTDVDAANLRETFRNLKYEVRNKNDLTREEIVELMRDVSKEDHSKRSSFVCVLLS
  HGEEGIIFGTNGPVDLKKITNFFRGDRCRSLTGKPKLFIIQACRGTELDCGIETDSGVDD
  DMACHKIPVEADFLYAYSTAPGYYSWRNSKDGSWFIQSLCAMLKQYADKLEFMHILTRVN
  RKVATEFESFSFDATFHAKKQIPCIVSMLTKELYFYH
• Function: Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. At the onset of apoptosis it proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) at a '216-Asp-|-Gly-217' bond. Cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) between the basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper domain and the membrane attachment domain. Cleaves and activates caspase-6, -7 and -9. Involved in the cleavage of huntingtin. Triggers cell adhesion in sympathetic neurons through RET cleavage. Cleaves and inhibits serine/threonine-protein kinase AKT1 in response to oxidative stress. Acts as an inhibitor of type I interferon production during virus-induced apoptosis by mediating cleavage of antiviral proteins CGAS, IRF3 and MAVS, thereby preventing cytokine overproduction. Cleaves XRCC4 and phospholipid scramblase proteins XKR4, XKR8 and XKR9, leading to promote phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface.
• Uniprot ID: CASP3_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000164305
• HGNC ID: HGNC:1504

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 6 drug(s) in total

Cisplatin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Cervical cancer [1]

• Resistant Disease: Cervical cancer [ICD-11: 2C77.0]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: Hela cells; Cervix uteri; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0030
• In Vitro Model: HeLa/DDP cells; Uterus; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_C869
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; EdU assay; Flow cytometric analysis
• Mechanism Description: UCA1 suppressed apoptosis by downregulating caspase 3 and upregulating CDk2, whereas enhanced cell proliferation by increased level of survivin and decreased level of p21.

Disease Class: Gastric cancer [2]

• Resistant Disease: Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72.1]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell invasion; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell migration; Activation; hsa04670
• Cell Pathway Regulation: N-Myc/ miR421 /ATM signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa05206
• In Vitro Model: SGC7901 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0520
• In Vitro Model: HEK293T cells; Kidney; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0063
• In Vitro Model: AGS cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0139
• In Vitro Model: GES-1 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_EQ22
• In Vitro Model: HGC27 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1279
• In Vitro Model: NCI-N87 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1603
• In Vitro Model: MkN-45 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0434
• In Vitro Model: MkN28 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1416
• In Vitro Model: SNU-16 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0076
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis; Flow cytometric assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: Overexpression of miR-421 promoted metastasis, inhibited apoptosis, and induced cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by targeting E-cadherin and caspase-3.

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [3]

• Resistant Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: A2780/DDP cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_D619
• In Vitro Model: SkOV-3/DDP cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_UI88
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: PVT1 was overexpressed in tumor tissues of cisplatin-resistant patients comparing to cisplatin-sensitive patients. PVT1 knockdown significantly lowered cell viability and increased the percentage of apoptotic tumor cells in SkOV-3/DDP and A2780/DDP cells transfected with siPVT1 and treated with cisplatin. It manifested PVT1 knockdown can reverses the cisplatin resistance in cisplatin-resistant cell lines.

Disease Class: Gastric cancer [4]

• Resistant Disease: Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72.1]
• Resistant Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Notch1 signaling pathway; Activation; hsa04330
• In Vitro Model: SGC7901 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0520
• In Vitro Model: BGC823 cells; Gastric; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_3360
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: CCK8 assay
• Mechanism Description: Notch 1 promotes cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer formation by upregulating LncRNA Ak022798 expression. First, we found that Notch 1 was highly expressed in the cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells. Furthermore, we used siRNA to interfere with LncRNA Ak022798 expression, and found that the expression of MRP1 and P-glycoprotein decreased significantly in SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells, and their apoptosis as well as the expressions of caspase 3 and caspase 8 obviously increased.

Doxorubicin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Breast adenocarcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Breast adenocarcinoma [ICD-11: 2C60.1]
• Resistant Drug: Doxorubicin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: MCF-7 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0031
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Disease Class: Hepatocellular carcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12.2]
• Resistant Drug: Doxorubicin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: HepG2 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0027
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Disease Class: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C31.1]
• Resistant Drug: Doxorubicin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: A431 cells; Skin; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0037
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Lung cancer [6]

• Sensitive Disease: Lung cancer [ICD-11: 2C25.5]
• Sensitive Drug: Doxorubicin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: AKT/ERK signaling pathway; Inhibition; hsa04010
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Activation; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell invasion; Inhibition; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell migration; Inhibition; hsa04670
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Inhibition; hsa05200
• In Vitro Model: A549 cells; Lung; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0023
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis; Luciferase reporter assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Suppression of miR-155 in this cell line considerably reversed doxorubicin resistance, and doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were recovered. Furthermore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis revealed that miR-155 suppression downregulated the expression of multidrug resistance protein 1, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1, breast cancer resistance protein, glutathione S-transferase-Pi, Survivin and B-cell lymphoma 2, and upregulated the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8. In addition, it was found that miR-155 suppression inhibited the activation of AkT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase. The transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-kB and activator protein-1 was also downregulated.

Lamivudine

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Breast adenocarcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Breast adenocarcinoma [ICD-11: 2C60.1]
• Resistant Drug: Lamivudine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: MCF-7 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0031
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Disease Class: Hepatocellular carcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12.2]
• Resistant Drug: Lamivudine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: HepG2 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0027
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Disease Class: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C31.1]
• Resistant Drug: Lamivudine
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: A431 cells; Skin; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0037
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Paclitaxel

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Breast adenocarcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Breast adenocarcinoma [ICD-11: 2C60.1]
• Resistant Drug: Paclitaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: MCF-7 cells; Breast; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0031
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Disease Class: Hepatocellular carcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12.2]
• Resistant Drug: Paclitaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: HepG2 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0027
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Disease Class: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [5]

• Resistant Disease: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C31.1]
• Resistant Drug: Paclitaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: A431 cells; Skin; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0037
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blotting analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay
• Mechanism Description: Caspase-3 is the key executioner caspase in apoptosis. Ectopic expression of let-7adecreased the luciferase activity of a reporter constructcontaining the 30untranslated region of caspase-3. Enforced let-7aexpression increased the resistance in A431 cells andHepG2 cells to apoptosis induced by therapeutic drugs suchas interferon-gamma, doxorubicin and paclitaxel.

Sorafenib

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Hepatocellular carcinoma [7]

• Resistant Disease: Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12.2]
• Resistant Drug: Sorafenib
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• In Vitro Model: Huh-7 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0336
• In Vitro Model: HepG2 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0027
• In Vitro Model: Hep3B cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0326
• In Vitro Model: PLC/PRF/5 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0485
• In Vitro Model: SNU182 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0090
• In Vitro Model: SNU398 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0077
• In Vitro Model: SNU449 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0454
• In Vitro Model: SNU475 cells; Liver; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0497
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Caspase 3/7 activity assay; Cell-titer-Glo assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: In hepatocellular carcinoma miR221 modulates sorafenib resistance through inhibition of caspase-3-mediated apoptosis.

Stanozolol

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Hereditary angioedema [8]

• Resistant Disease: Hereditary angioedema [ICD-11: 4B05.0]
• Resistant Drug: Stanozolol
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
• In Vivo Model: Sprague Dawley male rats model; Rattus norvegicus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Gene expression analysis
• Mechanism Description: Stanozolol can increases levels of Bax, Bcl-2, P53, caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Resistance training, 50 and 100 mg/kg Tribulus terrestris and resistance training along with Tribulus terrestris can decrease the Bax, Bcl-2, P53, caspase 3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in rats exposed to Stanozolol.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Gastric cancer [ICD-11: 2B72]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Gastric tissue
• The Specified Disease: Gastric cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.47E-01; Fold-change: 6.64E-01; Z-score: 6.70E-01
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 4.31E-02; Fold-change: -1.79E-01; Z-score: -3.36E-01

Liver cancer [ICD-11: 2C12]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Liver
• The Specified Disease: Liver cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 3.03E-03; Fold-change: 2.66E-01; Z-score: 6.68E-01
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 2.70E-01; Fold-change: 8.05E-03; Z-score: 2.16E-02
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Other Disease Section: p-value: 7.64E-01; Fold-change: -2.17E-02; Z-score: -7.18E-02

Lung cancer [ICD-11: 2C25]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Lung
• The Specified Disease: Lung cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 3.09E-54; Fold-change: 6.61E-01; Z-score: 1.88E+00
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 5.15E-40; Fold-change: 6.71E-01; Z-score: 2.06E+00

Skin squamous cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C31]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Skin
• The Specified Disease: Skin squamous cell carcinoma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 1.89E-29; Fold-change: 4.35E-01; Z-score: 1.20E+00
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 1.43E-35; Fold-change: 4.69E-01; Z-score: 1.21E+00

Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Breast tissue
• The Specified Disease: Breast cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 9.06E-64; Fold-change: 7.42E-01; Z-score: 1.19E+00
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 4.89E-08; Fold-change: 4.00E-01; Z-score: 7.22E-01

Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Ovary
• The Specified Disease: Ovarian cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 1.56E-05; Fold-change: 7.86E-01; Z-score: 2.40E+00
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 6.81E-02; Fold-change: -3.88E-01; Z-score: -4.48E-01

Cervical cancer [ICD-11: 2C77]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Cervix uteri
• The Specified Disease: Cervical cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.60E-02; Fold-change: 1.61E-01; Z-score: 4.77E-01

References

• Ref 1: Expression of Long Noncoding RNA Urothelial Cancer Associated 1 Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Cervical Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2017 Apr;32(3):101-110. doi: 10.1089/cbr.2016.2156.
• Ref 2: MicroRNA-421 regulated by HIF-1Alpha promotes metastasis, inhibits apoptosis, and induces cisplatin resistance by targeting E-cadherin and caspase-3 in gastric cancer. Oncotarget. 2016 Apr 26;7(17):24466-82. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.8228.
• Ref 3: Overexpression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in ovarian cancer cells promotes cisplatin resistance by regulating apoptotic pathways. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Nov 15;8(11):20565-72. eCollection 2015.
• Ref 4: Notch 1 promotes cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer formation by upregulating lncRNA AK022798 expression. Anticancer Drugs. 2015 Jul;26(6):632-40. doi: 10.1097/CAD.0000000000000227.
• Ref 5: Let-7a microRNA suppresses therapeutics-induced cancer cell death by targeting caspase-3. Apoptosis. 2008 Oct;13(10):1215-22. doi: 10.1007/s10495-008-0256-z.
• Ref 6: Effect of miR-155 knockdown on the reversal of doxorubicin resistance in human lung cancer A549/dox cells. Oncol Lett. 2016 Feb;11(2):1161-1166. doi: 10.3892/ol.2015.3995. Epub 2015 Dec 3.
• Ref 7: In Hepatocellular Carcinoma miR-221 Modulates Sorafenib Resistance through Inhibition of Caspase-3-Mediated Apoptosis. Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Jul 15;23(14):3953-3965. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1464. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
• Ref 8: Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Resistance Training and Tribulus Terrestris Consumption in the Heart Tissue of Rats Exposed to Stanozolol .Eurasian J Med. 2021 Jun;53(2):79-84. doi: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2021.20051. 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2021.20051