Drug (ID: DG00500) and It's Reported Resistant Information
Name
Sulphonamides
Drug Resistance Disease(s)
Disease(s) with Clinically Reported Resistance for This Drug (1 diseases)
Salmonellosis [ICD-11: 1A09]
[1]
Disease(s) with Resistance Information Validated by in-vivo Model for This Drug (1 diseases)
Pasteurellosis [ICD-11: 1B99]
[2]
Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug
  ADTT: Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target
  DISM: Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification
Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases
ICD-01: Infectious/parasitic diseases
Click to Show/Hide the Resistance Disease of This Class
Salmonellosis [ICD-11: 1A09]
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target (ADTT) Click to Show/Hide
Key Molecule: Catalase isozyme A/Tetracycline efflux MFS transporter/Dihydropteroate synthase (CATA1/TETB/SUL) [1]
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Resistant Disease Salmonella enterica infection [ICD-11: 1A09.0]
Experimental Note Identified from the Human Clinical Data
In Vitro Model Salmonella agona 231 58095
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration
PCR screening assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance
Disc diffusion assay
Mechanism Description The multiresistance plasmid from S. Agona strain 231 carried the chloramphenicol resistance gene catA1 coding for a type A chloramphenicol acetyltransferase and the resistance gene tet(B) coding for a tetracycline/minocycline exporter. This plasmid also harboured the streptomycin resistance gene strA coding for an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase and the sulphonamide resistance gene sul1 which represents part of the 3' conserved segment of class 1 integrons.
Pasteurellosis [ICD-11: 1B99]
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Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms
       Drug Inactivation by Structure Modification (DISM) Click to Show/Hide
Key Molecule: Erm methyltransferase (ERM42) [2]
Molecule Alteration Expression
Inherence
Resistant Disease Pasteurella multocida infection [ICD-11: 1B99.0]
Experimental Note Discovered Using In-vivo Testing Model
In Vitro Model Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 1322345
Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 1280
Pasteurella multocida 36950 1075089
Experiment for
Molecule Alteration
Whole genome sequence assay; Allelic frequency measurement assay
Experiment for
Drug Resistance
Broth microdilution method assay
Mechanism Description The analysis of one representative P. multocida isolate identified an 82 kb integrative and conjugative element (ICE) integrated into the chromosomal DNA. This ICE, designated ICEPmu1, harboured 11 resistance genes, which confer resistance to streptomycin/spectinomycin (aadA25), streptomycin (strA and strB), gentamicin (aadB), kanamycin/neomycin (aphA1), tetracycline [tetR-tet(H)], chloramphenicol/florfenicol (floR), sulphonamides (sul2), tilmicosin/clindamycin [erm(42)] or tilmicosin/tulathromycin [msr(E)-mph(E)].
References
Ref 1 Class 1 integron-associated gene cassettes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Agona isolated from pig carcasses in Brazil. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 May;55(5):776-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/dki081. Epub 2005 Mar 10.
Ref 2 ICEPmu1, an integrative conjugative element (ICE) of Pasteurella multocida: analysis of the regions that comprise 12 antimicrobial resistance genes. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 Jan;67(1):84-90. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkr406. Epub 2011 Oct 14.

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