Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol01875)

• Name: Glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 1 (GFPT1) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: GFPT1; GFAT; GFPT
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: GFPT1
• Gene ID: 2673
• Location: chr2:69,319,780-69,387,250[-]
• Sequence:
  MCGIFAYLNYHVPRTRREILETLIKGLQRLEYRGYDSAGVGFDGGNDKDWEANACKIQLI
  KKKGKVKALDEEVHKQQDMDLDIEFDVHLGIAHTRWATHGEPSPVNSHPQRSDKNNEFIV
  IHNGIITNYKDLKKFLESKGYDFESETDTETIAKLVKYMYDNRESQDTSFTTLVERVIQQ
  LEGAFALVFKSVHFPGQAVGTRRGSPLLIGVRSEHKLSTDHIPILYRTARTQIGSKFTRW
  GSQGERGKDKKGSCNLSRVDSTTCLFPVEEKAVEYYFASDASAVIEHTNRVIFLEDDDVA
  AVVDGRLSIHRIKRTAGDHPGRAVQTLQMELQQIMKGNFSSFMQKEIFEQPESVVNTMRG
  RVNFDDYTVNLGGLKDHIKEIQRCRRLILIACGTSYHAGVATRQVLEELTELPVMVELAS
  DFLDRNTPVFRDDVCFFLSQSGETADTLMGLRYCKERGALTVGITNTVGSSISRETDCGV
  HINAGPEIGVASTKAYTSQFVSLVMFALMMCDDRISMQERRKEIMLGLKRLPDLIKEVLS
  MDDEIQKLATELYHQKSVLIMGRGYHYATCLEGALKIKEITYMHSEGILAGELKHGPLAL
  VDKLMPVIMIIMRDHTYAKCQNALQQVVARQGRPVVICDKEDTETIKNTKRTIKVPHSVD
  CLQGILSVIPLQLLAFHLAVLRGYDVDFPRNLAKSVTVE
• Function: Controls the flux of glucose into the hexosamine pathway. Most likely involved in regulating the availability of precursors for N- and O-linked glycosylation of proteins. Regulates the circadian expression of clock genes ARNTL/BMAL1 and CRY1. Has a role in fine tuning the metabolic fluctuations of cytosolic UDP-GlcNAc and its effects on hyaluronan synthesis that occur during tissue remodeling.
• Uniprot ID: GFPT1_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198380

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Insulin

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Type 2 diabetes mellitus [1]

• Resistant Disease: Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11.0]
• Resistant Drug: Insulin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Mechanism Description: Marshall et al. first suggested O-GlcNAcylation modulated insulin sensitivity and showed that the effects of glucose-induced insulin resistance could be blocked by inhibiting GFAT using amidotransferase inhibitors such as O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine) or 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (DON). Subsequently, it was established that glucosamine induces insulin resistance.

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Type 2 diabetes mellitus [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Insulin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Mechanism Description: Marshall et al. first suggested O-GlcNAcylation modulated insulin sensitivity and showed that the effects of glucose-induced insulin resistance could be blocked by inhibiting GFAT using amidotransferase inhibitors such as O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine) or 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (DON). Subsequently, it was established that glucosamine induces insulin resistance.

Disease Class: Type 2 diabetes mellitus [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Insulin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Mechanism Description: Marshall et al. first suggested O-GlcNAcylation modulated insulin sensitivity and showed that the effects of glucose-induced insulin resistance could be blocked by inhibiting GFAT using amidotransferase inhibitors such as O-diazoacetyl-L-serine (azaserine) or 6-diazo-5-oxonorleucine (DON). Subsequently, it was established that glucosamine induces insulin resistance.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 05

Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Omental adipose tissue
• The Specified Disease: Obesity related type 2 diabetes
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 6.64E-02; Fold-change: 2.04E-01; Z-score: 9.89E-01
• The Studied Tissue: Liver
• The Specified Disease: Type 2 diabetes mellitus
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 4.65E-02; Fold-change: 3.37E-01; Z-score: 1.65E+00

References

• Ref 1: Insulin Resistance: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies .Diabetes Metab J. 2022 Jan;46(1):15-37. doi: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0280. Epub 2021 Dec 30. 10.4093/dmj.2021.0280