Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00768)

• Name: Alpha-enolase (ENO1) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase; C-myc promoter-binding protein; Enolase 1; MBP-1; MPB-1; Non-neural enolase; NNE; Phosphopyruvate hydratase; Plasminogen-binding protein; ENO1L1; MBPB1; MPB1
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: ENO1
• Gene ID: 2023
• Location: chr1:8861000-8879190[-]
• Sequence:
  MSILKIHAREIFDSRGNPTVEVDLFTSKGLFRAAVPSGASTGIYEALELRDNDKTRYMGK
  GVSKAVEHINKTIAPALVSKKLNVTEQEKIDKLMIEMDGTENKSKFGANAILGVSLAVCK
  AGAVEKGVPLYRHIADLAGNSEVILPVPAFNVINGGSHAGNKLAMQEFMILPVGAANFRE
  AMRIGAEVYHNLKNVIKEKYGKDATNVGDEGGFAPNILENKEGLELLKTAIGKAGYTDKV
  VIGMDVAASEFFRSGKYDLDFKSPDDPSRYISPDQLADLYKSFIKDYPVVSIEDPFDQDD
  WGAWQKFTASAGIQVVGDDLTVTNPKRIAKAVNEKSCNCLLLKVNQIGSVTESLQACKLA
  QANGWGVMVSHRSGETEDTFIADLVVGLCTGQIKTGAPCRSERLAKYNQLLRIEEELGSK
  AKFAGRNFRNPLAK
• Function: Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons. Stimulates immunoglobulin production.
• Uniprot ID: ENOA_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000074800
• HGNC ID: HGNC:3350

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Tamoxifen

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Breast cancer [1]

• Resistant Disease: Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60.3]
• Resistant Drug: Tamoxifen
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Up-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Mechanism Description: Hk2, PFkB3, ENO-1, and PkM-2 are the main enzymes of glycolysis and their expression is upregulated in TAMR cells. Hk2 is also involved in the activation of pro-survival autophagy. ENO-1 plays an important role by inhibiting apoptosis via downregulation of c-Myc. In mitochondria, PDk4 phosphorylation regulate Pyruvate dehydrogenase of PDC. NSD2 activates Hk-2, G6PD, and TIGAR expression and upregulates the PPP pathway. PPP produces NADH and Ribulose 5-Phosphate, a substrate for nucleotide biosynthesis. NADH reduces ROS and inhibits apoptosis. LDHA overexpression helps in aerobic glycolysis and indirectly promotes autophagy. To reduce the concentration of lactate in the cells, MCT expression is increased, which facilitates the efflux of lactate and cell survival.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Breast tissue
• The Specified Disease: Breast cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 3.20E-06; Fold-change: 3.92E-01; Z-score: 3.66E-01
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 5.29E-01; Fold-change: -5.41E-02; Z-score: -4.99E-02

References

• Ref 1: Metabolic reprograming confers tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Chem Biol Interact. 2021 Sep 25;347:109602. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109602. Epub 2021 Jul 28.