Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00476)

• Name: Lysyl oxidase homolog 4 (LOXL4) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: Lysyl oxidase-like protein 4; Lysyl oxidase-related protein C; LOXC
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: LOXL4
• Gene ID: 84171
• Location: chr10:98247690-98268194[-]
• Sequence:
  MAWSPPATLFLFLLLLGQPPPSRPQSLGTTKLRLVGPESKPEEGRLEVLHQGQWGTVCDD
  NFAIQEATVACRQLGFEAALTWAHSAKYGQGEGPIWLDNVRCVGTESSLDQCGSNGWGVS
  DCSHSEDVGVICHPRRHRGYLSETVSNALGPQGRRLEEVRLKPILASAKQHSPVTEGAVE
  VKYEGHWRQVCDQGWTMNNSRVVCGMLGFPSEVPVDSHYYRKVWDLKMRDPKSRLKSLTN
  KNSFWIHQVTCLGTEPHMANCQVQVAPARGKLRPACPGGMHAVVSCVAGPHFRPPKTKPQ
  RKGSWAEEPRVRLRSGAQVGEGRVEVLMNRQWGTVCDHRWNLISASVVCRQLGFGSAREA
  LFGARLGQGLGPIHLSEVRCRGYERTLSDCPALEGSQNGCQHENDAAVRCNVPNMGFQNQ
  VRLAGGRIPEEGLLEVQVEVNGVPRWGSVCSENWGLTEAMVACRQLGLGFAIHAYKETWF
  WSGTPRAQEVVMSGVRCSGTELALQQCQRHGPVHCSHGGGRFLAGVSCMDSAPDLVMNAQ
  LVQETAYLEDRPLSQLYCAHEENCLSKSADHMDWPYGYRRLLRFSTQIYNLGRTDFRPKT
  GRDSWVWHQCHRHYHSIEVFTHYDLLTLNGSKVAEGHKASFCLEDTNCPTGLQRRYACAN
  FGEQGVTVGCWDTYRHDIDCQWVDITDVGPGNYIFQVIVNPHYEVAESDFSNNMLQCRCK
  YDGHRVWLHNCHTGNSYPANAELSLEQEQRLRNNLI
• Function: May modulate the formation of a collagenous extracellular matrix.
• Uniprot ID: LOXL4_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000138131
• HGNC ID: HGNC:17171

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Paclitaxel

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Bladder cancer [1]

• Resistant Disease: Bladder cancer [ICD-11: 2C94.0]
• Resistant Drug: Paclitaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Revealed Based on the Cell Line Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell apoptosis; Inhibition; hsa04210
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Oxidative stress signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa00190
• In Vitro Model: 5637 cells; Bladder; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0126
• In Vitro Model: T24 cells; Bladder; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0554
• In Vitro Model: UM-UC-3 cells; Bladder; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_1783
• In Vitro Model: BIU87 cells; Bladder; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_6881
• In Vitro Model: H-bc cells; Bladder; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_BT00
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Western blot analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: MTT assay; Flow cytometry assay
• Mechanism Description: miR-193a-3p promotes the BCa multi-drug resistance phenotype via its repression of the lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4) gene, a newly identified direct target of miR-193a-3p. The LOXL4 protein is an important member of the lysyl oxidase (an extracellular copper-dependent amine oxidase) family that catalyzes the first step of the crosslinks between collagens and elastin during the biogenesis of connective tissue and is frequently deregulated in cancer. The Oxidative stress (OS) pathway is the predominant pathway affected by miR-193a-3p via its repression of LOXL4 expression.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Bladder cancer [ICD-11: 2C94]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Bladder tissue
• The Specified Disease: Bladder cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.25E-04; Fold-change: 8.81E-01; Z-score: 2.91E+00

References

• Ref 1: miR-193a-3p regulates the multi-drug resistance of bladder cancer by targeting the LOXL4 gene and the oxidative stress pathway. Mol Cancer. 2014 Oct 14;13:234. doi: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-234.