Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00432)

• Name: Zinc finger protein Helios (IKZF2) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: Ikaros family zinc finger protein 2; HELIOS; ZNFN1A2
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: IKZF2
• Gene ID: 22807
• Location: chr2:212999691-213152427[-]
• Sequence:
  METEAIDGYITCDNELSPEREHSNMAIDLTSSTPNGQHASPSHMTSTNSVKLEMQSDEEC
  DRKPLSREDEIRGHDEGSSLEEPLIESSEVADNRKVQELQGEGGIRLPNGKLKCDVCGMV
  CIGPNVLMVHKRSHTGERPFHCNQCGASFTQKGNLLRHIKLHSGEKPFKCPFCSYACRRR
  DALTGHLRTHSVGKPHKCNYCGRSYKQRSSLEEHKERCHNYLQNVSMEAAGQVMSHHVPP
  MEDCKEQEPIMDNNISLVPFERPAVIEKLTGNMGKRKSSTPQKFVGEKLMRFSYPDIHFD
  MNLTYEKEAELMQSHMMDQAINNAITYLGAEALHPLMQHPPSTIAEVAPVISSAYSQVYH
  PNRIERPISRETADSHENNMDGPISLIRPKSRPQEREASPSNSCLDSTDSESSHDDHQSY
  QGHPALNPKRKQSPAYMKEDVKALDTTKAPKGSLKDIYKVFNGEGEQIRAFKCEHCRVLF
  LDHVMYTIHMGCHGYRDPLECNICGYRSQDRYEFSSHIVRGEHTFH
• Function: Associates with Ikaros at centromeric heterochromatin.
• Uniprot ID: IKZF2_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000030419
• HGNC ID: HGNC:13177

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 2 drug(s) in total

Lenalidomide

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Multiple myeloma [1]

• Resistant Disease: Multiple myeloma [ICD-11: 2A83.0]
• Resistant Drug: Lenalidomide
• Molecule Alteration: Mutation; .
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: PI3K/RAS signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa04151
• In Vitro Model: Bone marrow; Blood; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vivo Model: A retrospective survey in conducting clinical studies; Homo sapiens
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Gene expression profiling assay; High-resolution copy number arrays assay; Whole-exome sequencing assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Longitudinal copy number aberration (CNA) analysis
• Mechanism Description: Resistance to immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD) and proteasome inhibitors was recently associated with mutations in IMiD response genes IRF4, CRBN, DDB1, CUL4A, CUL4B, IkZF1, IkZF2, and IkZF3 or in the proteasome inhibitor response genes PSMB5 and PSMG2, respectively. Mechanistically, bi-allelic loss of tumor-suppressor genes is a crucial mechanism, allowing units of selection to evade treatment-induced apoptosis with the acquisition of subsequent proliferative advantage leading to their outgrowth.

Thalidomide

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Multiple myeloma [1]

• Resistant Disease: Multiple myeloma [ICD-11: 2A83.0]
• Resistant Drug: Thalidomide
• Molecule Alteration: Mutation; .
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: Cell proliferation; Activation; hsa05200
• Cell Pathway Regulation: PI3K/RAS signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa04151
• In Vitro Model: Bone marrow; Blood; Homo sapiens (Human); N.A.
• In Vivo Model: A retrospective survey in conducting clinical studies; Homo sapiens
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Gene expression profiling assay; High-resolution copy number arrays assay; Whole-exome sequencing assay
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Longitudinal copy number aberration (CNA) analysis
• Mechanism Description: Resistance to immunomodulatory drugs (IMiD) and proteasome inhibitors was recently associated with mutations in IMiD response genes IRF4, CRBN, DDB1, CUL4A, CUL4B, IkZF1, IkZF2, and IkZF3 or in the proteasome inhibitor response genes PSMB5 and PSMG2, respectively. Mechanistically, bi-allelic loss of tumor-suppressor genes is a crucial mechanism, allowing units of selection to evade treatment-induced apoptosis with the acquisition of subsequent proliferative advantage leading to their outgrowth.

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Multiple myeloma [ICD-11: 2A83]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Bone marrow
• The Specified Disease: Multiple myeloma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 2.19E-01; Fold-change: -1.49E-01; Z-score: -3.67E-01
• The Studied Tissue: Peripheral blood
• The Specified Disease: Multiple myeloma
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 8.25E-01; Fold-change: -4.52E-02; Z-score: -3.40E-01

References

• Ref 1: Clonal selection and double-hit events involving tumor suppressor genes underlie relapse in myeloma. Blood. 2016 Sep 29;128(13):1735-44. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-06-723007. Epub 2016 Aug 11.