Molecule Information

General Information of the Molecule (ID: Mol00240)

• Name: Autophagy-related protein 9A (ATG9A) ,Homo sapiens
• Synonyms: APG9-like 1; mATG9; APG9L1
• Molecule Type: Protein
• Gene Name: ATG9A
• Gene ID: 79065
• Location: chr2:219219380-219229717[-]
• Sequence:
  MAQFDTEYQRLEASYSDSPPGEEDLLVHVAEGSKSPWHHIENLDLFFSRVYNLHQKNGFT
  CMLIGEIFELMQFLFVVAFTTFLVSCVDYDILFANKMVNHSLHPTEPVKVTLPDAFLPAQ
  VCSARIQENGSLITILVIAGVFWIHRLIKFIYNICCYWEIHSFYLHALRIPMSALPYCTW
  QEVQARIVQTQKEHQICIHKRELTELDIYHRILRFQNYMVALVNKSLLPLRFRLPGLGEA
  VFFTRGLKYNFELILFWGPGSLFLNEWSLKAEYKRGGQRLELAQRLSNRILWIGIANFLL
  CPLILIWQILYAFFSYAEVLKREPGALGARCWSLYGRCYLRHFNELEHELQSRLNRGYKP
  ASKYMNCFLSPLLTLLAKNGAFFAGSILAVLIALTIYDEDVLAVEHVLTTVTLLGVTVTV
  CRSFIPDQHMVFCPEQLLRVILAHIHYMPDHWQGNAHRSQTRDEFAQLFQYKAVFILEEL
  LSPIVTPLILIFCLRPRALEIIDFFRNFTVEVVGVGDTCSFAQMDVRQHGHPQWLSAGQT
  EASVYQQAEDGKTELSLMHFAITNPGWQPPRESTAFLGFLKEQVQRDGAAASLAQGGLLP
  ENALFTSIQSLQSESEPLSLIANVVAGSSCRGPPLPRDLQGSRHRAEVASALRSFSPLQP
  GQAPTGRAHSTMTGSGVDARTASSGSSVWEGQLQSLVLSEYASTEMSLHALYMHQLHKQQ
  AQAEPERHVWHRRESDESGESAPDEGGEGARAPQSIPRSASYPCAAPRPGAPETTALHGG
  FQRRYGGITDPGTVPRVPSHFSRLPLGGWAEDGQSASRHPEPVPEEGSEDELPPQVHKV
• Function: Phospholipid scramblase involved in autophagy by mediating autophagosomal membrane expansion. Cycles between the preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly site (PAS) and the cytoplasmic vesicle pool and supplies membrane for the growing autophagosome. Lipid scramblase activity plays a key role in preautophagosomal structure/phagophore assembly by distributing the phospholipids that arrive through ATG2 (ATG2A or ATG2B) from the cytoplasmic to the luminal leaflet of the bilayer, thereby driving autophagosomal membrane expansion. Also required to supply phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate to the autophagosome initiation site by recruiting the phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase beta (PI4KB) in a process dependent on ARFIP2, but not ARFIP1. In addition to autophagy, also plays a role in necrotic cell death.
• Uniprot ID: ATG9A_HUMAN
• Ensembl ID: ENSG00000198925
• HGNC ID: HGNC:22408

Kingdom: Metazoa
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: Homo sapiens

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Molecule

  UAPP: Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Drug

Approved Drug(s) 3 drug(s) in total

Cisplatin

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Cisplatin
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: miR29b signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa05206
• In Vitro Model: OVCAR3 cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0465
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: RT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: H&E staining assay
• Mechanism Description: The ATG9A down expression due to miR-29b increasing could significantly promote Ovarian carcinoma drug sensitivity on different chemotherapeutic drugs (Cisplatin, Paclitaxel, Platinum, Cyclophosphamide).

Cyclophosphamide

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Cyclophosphamide
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: miR29b signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa05206
• In Vitro Model: OVCAR3 cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0465
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: RT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: H&E staining assay
• Mechanism Description: The ATG9A down expression due to miR-29b increasing could significantly promote Ovarian carcinoma drug sensitivity on different chemotherapeutic drugs (Cisplatin, Paclitaxel, Platinum, Cyclophosphamide).

Paclitaxel

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Paclitaxel
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: miR29b signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa05206
• In Vitro Model: OVCAR3 cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0465
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: RT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: H&E staining assay
• Mechanism Description: The ATG9A down expression due to miR-29b increasing could significantly promote Ovarian carcinoma drug sensitivity on different chemotherapeutic drugs (Cisplatin, Paclitaxel, Platinum, Cyclophosphamide).

Investigative Drug(s) 1 drug(s) in total

Platinum

Drug Sensitivity Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Unusual Activation of Pro-survival Pathway (UAPP)

Disease Class: Ovarian cancer [1]

• Sensitive Disease: Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73.0]
• Sensitive Drug: Platinum
• Molecule Alteration: Expression; Down-regulation
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• Cell Pathway Regulation: miR29b signaling pathway; Regulation; hsa05206
• In Vitro Model: OVCAR3 cells; Ovary; Homo sapiens (Human); CVCL_0465
• In Vivo Model: Nude mouse xenograft model; Mus musculus
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: RT-PCR
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: H&E staining assay
• Mechanism Description: The ATG9A down expression due to miR-29b increasing could significantly promote Ovarian carcinoma drug sensitivity on different chemotherapeutic drugs (Cisplatin, Paclitaxel, Platinum, Cyclophosphamide).

Disease- and Tissue-specific Abundances of This Molecule

ICD Disease Classification 02

Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]

Differential expression of molecule in resistant diseases

• The Studied Tissue: Ovary
• The Specified Disease: Ovarian cancer
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Healthy Individual Tissue: p-value: 8.27E-01; Fold-change: 1.33E-01; Z-score: 4.00E-01
• The Expression Level of Disease Section Compare with the Adjacent Tissue: p-value: 6.15E-01; Fold-change: -2.50E-02; Z-score: -7.18E-02

References

• Ref 1: Involvement of miR-29b signaling in the sensitivity to chemotherapy in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 2014 Jun;45(6):1285-93. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.02.008. Epub 2014 Feb 28.