Drug Information

Drug (ID: DG00059) and It's Reported Resistant Information

• Name: Pefloxacin
• Synonyms: Abactal; Labocton; PERFLOXACIN; PFLX; Peflacine; Pefloxacine; Pefloxacino; Pefloxacinum; Pefloxacin methanesulfonate; Silver Pefloxacin; AM-725; EU-5306; Pefloxacin [INN-French]; Pefloxacino [INN-Spanish]; Pefloxacinum [INN-Latin]; Pefloxacin (USAN/INN); Pefloxacin [USAN:BAN:INN]; 1-Ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid; 1-Ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid; 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid; 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid; 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-7-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid; 3-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo
• Indication:
  In total 1 Indication(s)
  Gonococcal infection [ICD-11: 1A72]; Approved; [1]
• Drug Resistance Disease(s):
  Disease(s) with Clinically Reported Resistance for This Drug (2 diseases)
  Acute bacterial prostatitis [ICD-11: GA91]; [2]
  Pneumonia [ICD-11: CA40]; [1]
• Target: DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2); TOP2A_HUMAN TOP2B_HUMAN; [1]
• Formula: C17H20FN3O3
• IsoSMILES: CCN1C=C(C(=O)C2=CC(=C(C=C21)N3CCN(CC3)C)F)C(=O)O
• InChI: 1S/C17H20FN3O3/c1-3-20-10-12(17(23)24)16(22)11-8-13(18)15(9-14(11)20)21-6-4-19(2)5-7-21/h8-10H,3-7H2,1-2H3,(H,23,24)
• InChIKey: FHFYDNQZQSQIAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• PubChem CID: 51081
• ChEBI ID: CHEBI:50199
• TTD Drug ID: D04NXQ
• DrugBank ID: DB00487

Type(s) of Resistant Mechanism of This Drug

  ADTT: Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target

  EADR: Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Diseases

ICD-12: Respiratory system diseases

Pneumonia [ICD-11: CA40]

Drug Resistance Data Categorized by Their Corresponding Mechanisms

Aberration of the Drug's Therapeutic Target (ADTT)

Key Molecule: DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A (PARC) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Missense mutation; p.D84H (GAT-CAT)
• Resistant Disease: Pneumocystis jirovecii infection [ICD-11: CA40.6]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4203-BM4203-R; 1313
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4204-BM4204-R; 1313
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Sequence analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Agar dilution assay
• Mechanism Description: Mutations in parC were detected in the two resistant mutants obtained in vivo (BM4203-R andBM4204-R) as well as in two (BM4203-R1 and BM4203-R2) of the six mutants obtained in vitro. These mutations led to Ser-80-Tyr or Phe or to Asp-84-His substitutions(S. aureus coordinates) that are either identical or similar to those found in low-level-resistant parC mutations of S. aureus:Ser-80-Tyr or Phe and Glu-84-Lys or Leu.

Key Molecule: DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A (PARC) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Missense mutation; p.S80Y (TCT-TAT)
• Resistant Disease: Pneumocystis jirovecii infection [ICD-11: CA40.6]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4203-BM4203-R; 1313
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4204-BM4204-R; 1313
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Sequence analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Agar dilution assay
• Mechanism Description: Mutations in parC were detected in the two resistant mutants obtained in vivo (BM4203-R andBM4204-R) as well as in two (BM4203-R1 and BM4203-R2) of the six mutants obtained in vitro. These mutations led to Ser-80-Tyr or Phe or to Asp-84-His substitutions(S. aureus coordinates) that are either identical or similar to those found in low-level-resistant parC mutations of S. aureus:Ser-80-Tyr or Phe and Glu-84-Lys or Leu.

Key Molecule: DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A (PARC) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Missense mutation; p.S80F (TCT-TTT)
• Resistant Disease: Pneumocystis jirovecii infection [ICD-11: CA40.6]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4203-BM4203-R; 1313
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4204-BM4204-R; 1313
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Sequence analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Agar dilution assay
• Mechanism Description: Mutations in parC were detected in the two resistant mutants obtained in vivo (BM4203-R andBM4204-R) as well as in two (BM4203-R1 and BM4203-R2) of the six mutants obtained in vitro. These mutations led to Ser-80-Tyr or Phe or to Asp-84-His substitutions(S. aureus coordinates) that are either identical or similar to those found in low-level-resistant parC mutations of S. aureus:Ser-80-Tyr or Phe and Glu-84-Lys or Leu.

Epigenetic Alteration of DNA, RNA or Protein (EADR)

Key Molecule: DNA gyrase subunit A (GYRA) [1]

• Molecule Alteration: Missense mutation; p.S843F (TCC-TTC)
• Resistant Disease: Pneumocystis jirovecii infection [ICD-11: CA40.6]
• Experimental Note: Identified from the Human Clinical Data
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4203-BM4203-R; 1313
• In Vitro Model: Streptococcus pneumoniae strain BM4204-BM4204-R; 1313
• Experiment for Molecule Alteration: Sequence analysis
• Experiment for Drug Resistance: Agar dilution assay
• Mechanism Description: An additional mutant obtained in vitro, BM4205-R3, displayed a higher level of fluoroquinolone resistance and had a mutation in gyrA leading to a Ser-84-Phe change.

References

• Ref 1: Contribution of mutations in gyrA and parC genes to fluoroquinolone resistance of mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained in vivo and in vitro. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Nov;40(11):2505-10. doi: 10.1128/AAC.40.11.2505.
• Ref 2: Acute bacterial prostatitis in humans: current microbiological spectrum, sensitivity to antibiotics and clinical findings .Urol Int. 2012;89(4):445-50. doi: 10.1159/000342653. Epub 2012 Oct 18. 10.1159/000342653